Data for Continental Hydrologic Intercomparison Project (CHIP), Phase 1: A Large-Scale Hydrologic Model Comparison over the Continental United States

This resources contains the data from the manuscript Continental Hydrologic Intercomparison Project (CHIP), Phase 1: A Large-Scale Hydrologic Model Comparison over the Continental United States.

High-resolution, coupled, process-based hydrology models, in which subsurface, land-surface, and energy budget processes are represented, have been applied at the basin-scale to ask a wide range of water science questions. Recently, these models have been developed at continental scales with applications in operational flood forecasting, hydrologic prediction, and process representation. As use of large-scale model configurations increases, it is exceedingly important to have a common method for performance evaluation and validation, particularly given challenges associated with accurately representing large domains. Here we present phase 1 of a comparison project for continental-scale, high-resolution, processed-based hydrologic models entitled CHIP—the Continental Hydrologic Intercomparison Project. The first phase of CHIP is based on past Earth System Model intercomparisons and is comprised of a two-model proof of concept comparing the ParFlow-CONUS hydrologic model, version 1.0 and a NOAA US National Water Model configuration of WRF-Hydro, version 1.2. The objectives of CHIP phase 1 are: 1) describe model physics and components, 2) design an experiment to ensure a fair comparison, and 3) assess simulated streamflow with observations to better understand model bias. To our knowledge, this is the first comparison of continental-scale, high-resolution, physics-based models which incorporate lateral subsurface flow. This model intercomparison is an initial step toward a continued effort to unravel process, parameter, and formulation differences in current large-scale hydrologic models and to engage the hydrology community in improving hydrology model configuration and process representation.

Tijerina, D.T., Condon, L.E., FitzGerald, K., Dugger, A., O'Neill, M. M., Sampson, K., Gochis, D.J., and Maxwell, R.M. (2021). Continental Hydrologic Intercomparison Project (CHIP), Phase 1: A Large-Scale Hydrologic Model Comparison over the Continental United States. Water Resources Res. doi: 10.1029/2020WR028931.

本数据集包含来自《大陆水文比较计划（Continental Hydrologic Intercomparison Project, CHIP）第一阶段：美国大陆尺度大型水文模型对比》手稿中的相关数据。

高分辨率、耦合式、基于过程的水文模型能够刻画地下、陆面与能量收支过程，此前已在流域尺度得到广泛应用，用于解答各类水科学问题。近年来，这类模型已拓展至大陆尺度，应用于业务化洪水预报、水文预测以及过程表征。随着大尺度模型配置的应用愈发普及，建立统一的性能评估与验证方法显得尤为关键，尤其是在精准刻画大尺度研究区域仍面临诸多挑战的背景下。

在此，我们介绍大陆尺度高分辨率基于过程的水文模型比较计划——大陆水文比较计划（Continental Hydrologic Intercomparison Project, CHIP）的第一阶段。CHIP第一阶段借鉴了以往地球系统模型（Earth System Model）比较计划的经验，采用双模型概念验证方案，对比了ParFlow-CONUS水文模型v1.0版本，以及WRF-Hydro v1.2版本的美国国家海洋和大气管理局（National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, NOAA）美国国家水模型配置方案。

CHIP第一阶段的目标包括：1）阐明模型物理机制与组成模块；2）设计公平对比的实验方案；3）利用观测数据评估模拟径流，以更好地理解模型偏差。据我们所知，这是首次针对包含侧向地下流的大陆尺度高分辨率物理过程水文模型开展的对比研究。本次模型比较是一项初步工作，旨在后续深入解析当前大型水文模型在过程、参数与方案设置上的差异，并吸引水文学界共同参与改进水文模型配置与过程表征能力。

Tijerina, D.T.、Condon, L.E.、FitzGerald, K.、Dugger, A.、O'Neill, M. M.、Sampson, K.、Gochis, D.J. 与 Maxwell, R.M. (2021). 大陆水文比较计划（CHIP）第一阶段：美国大陆尺度大型水文模型对比. 《水资源研究》(Water Resources Res.). doi: 10.1029/2020WR028931.