Search and study of the space debris and asteroids within ISON project

Abstract International Scientific Optical Network (ISON) is an open international voluntary project specializing in observations of the near-Earth space objects. Observatories collaborating with ISON provide the global coverage and successfully combine the observations of the space debris and asteroids. The network includes more than 50 telescopes of 27 observatories in 15 countries and has been working since 2005. ISON monitors the whole GEO region and tracks the objects at GEO, GTO, HEO and LEO. ISON data allowing maintenance of the database of the space objects orbits, validating space debris population model and providing conjunction assessment analysis for satellites at high orbits. ISON develops the technology of asteroid survey with small telescopes and arranges regular photometry observations of near-Earth asteroids (NEA) to investigate the YORP effect, search new binary NEAs, and support radar experiments.

摘要：国际科学光学网络（International Scientific Optical Network，ISON）是一个开放的国际志愿项目，专注于近地空间天体的观测工作。参与ISON合作的观测台站可实现全球覆盖，并成功兼顾空间碎片与小行星的观测任务。该网络目前拥有来自15个国家27个观测台站的50余台望远镜，自2005年起投入运行。ISON对整个地球静止轨道（GEO）区域进行全域监测，并跟踪GEO、地球同步转移轨道（GTO）、高椭圆轨道（HEO）及近地轨道（LEO）上的空间天体。ISON的数据可用于维护空间天体轨道数据库、验证空间碎片种群模型，并为高轨道卫星提供交会评估分析服务。ISON研发了利用小型望远镜开展小行星巡天的技术，并定期开展近地小行星（Near-Earth Asteroid，NEA）的测光观测，以研究YORP效应、搜寻新的双星NEA，并为雷达实验提供支持。