Supporting data for "Frozen flume experiments indicate rapid permafrost riverbank erosion depends on bank roughness"

This dataset contains supporting files detailing five frozen flume experiments conducted at the Caltech Earth Surface Dynamics Laboratory to investigate rates of ablation-limited permafrost riverbank erosion under controlled conditions. Water flowed past a bank of saturated, frozen sand and ice and gradually eroded the bank by thawing pore ice and immediately entraining sand and washing it downstream. Experiments were scaled for flow hydraulics and heat transfer allowing comparisons between our results and natural permafrost riverbanks. For each experiment, we measured the initial and final sand bank topography using a Keyence laser scanner, water surface slope at 3-min intervals throughout the experiment using a Massa sonar scanner, bank erosion using 10-sec overhead timelapse imagery taken by an overhead camera, water and bank temperature using thermistors frozen into the sand bank and sampling at 2 Hz, and water discharge using an in-line flow meter. We include calibration data for the carriage (engineered by the Saint Anthony Falls Laboratory) used to make sonar and laser topography measurements. We also include calibration data for temperature sensors, water discharge measurements, and images of a regular grid placed in the flume to align overhead camera images with the carriage datum. Grain size analysis for the channel bed (gravel) was produced using a pebble count and bank sand was measured using a Camsizer X2. In addition to the five frozen experiments, we include sonar scans of water surface slope and Keyence scans of bed and bank topography for calibration experiments ran with an immobile gravel bank and bed.

本数据集包含配套文件，详述了在加州理工学院地球表面动力学实验室（Caltech Earth Surface Dynamics Laboratory）开展的5组冻结水槽实验，旨在探究受控条件下受消融限制的多年冻土河岸侵蚀速率。实验中，水流掠过由饱和冻结砂与冰构成的河岸，通过解冻孔隙冰并即刻裹挟砂体向下游输送，逐步侵蚀河岸。实验针对流水水力学与传热特性进行了尺度缩放，以便将本研究结果与天然多年冻土河岸的相关数据进行对比。
针对每组实验，研究团队使用基恩士（Keyence）激光扫描仪测量砂质河岸的初始与最终地形；使用马萨（Massa）声纳扫描仪，以每3分钟一次的频率采集实验全程的水面坡度数据；通过顶置相机拍摄的10秒间隔定时延时影像监测河岸侵蚀情况；使用埋设于砂质河岸内的热敏电阻以2Hz频率采集水体与河岸温度数据；并利用在线流量计测量水流量。
本数据集还包含由圣安东尼瀑布实验室（Saint Anthony Falls Laboratory）研发的用于声纳与激光地形测量的移动搭载平台校准数据。此外，还提供了温度传感器、水流量测量的校准数据，以及置于水槽内的规则网格影像，用于将顶置相机影像与该搭载平台的基准坐标系对齐。
水槽床面（砾石）的粒度分析采用卵石计数法完成，河岸砂的粒度分析则使用Camsizer X2仪器完成。
除上述5组冻结实验外，本数据集还包含针对固定砾石河岸与床面开展的校准实验的水面坡度声纳扫描数据，以及床面与河岸地形的基恩士激光扫描数据。