THE EFFECT OF AQUEOUS EXTRACTS OF PLANT SPECIES ON THE MULTIPLICATION OF ROTYLENCHULUS RENIFORMIS LINFORD & OLIVEIRA.

ABSTRACT The search for alternative measures for the control of nematodes has been stimulated, and the application of plant extracts can become a viable measure for small farmers. This study evaluated the effect on the multiplication of Rotylenchulus reniformis when aqueous extracts of eight plant species were added to the soil. The experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions with maximum and minimum temperatures of 34.2 and 25.6° C, respectively. Cotton plants were inoculated with 4,000 nematode eggs and then a volume of 20 mL of aqueous extracts obtained from leaves of Crotalaria spectabilis, Arctium lappa, Plectranthus barbatus, Rosmarinus officinalis, Origanum vulgare, Cajanus cajan, Mucuna aterrima and Momordica charantia was added. The inoculum was obtained from pure populations multiplied in cotton plants, kept in a greenhouse. After 60 days the number of eggs, plant height, stem diameter and fresh weight of shoots and roots was evaluated. The extracts of Cajanus cajan, Origanum vulgare. Mucuna aterrima, and Momordica charantia reduced the number of eggs by 28, 28, 44 and 60% respectively. In relation to stem diameter, the extracts of M. aterrima and C. cajan differed from the control and the other treatments. In relation to the weight of the shoot, extracts of C. cajan. P. barbatus. M. aterrima and C. spectabilis differed from the control and the other treatments. Therefore, the extracts of M. aterrima. C. cajan. O. vulgare and M. charantia can serve as options for the control of R. reniformis.

摘要：针对线虫防治的替代措施研究日益受到重视，植物提取物的应用有望成为小农户可行的防治手段。本研究探究了向土壤中施加8种植物的水提液对肾形线虫（Rotylenchulus reniformis）繁殖的影响。试验于温室条件下开展，环境最高、最低温度分别为34.2℃与25.6℃。供试棉花植株接种4000枚线虫卵后，施加20mL由8种植物叶片提取得到的水提液，涉及的植物包括美丽猪屎豆（Crotalaria spectabilis）、牛蒡（Arctium lappa）、毛喉鞘蕊花（Plectranthus barbatus）、迷迭香（Rosmarinus officinalis）、牛至（Origanum vulgare）、木豆（Cajanus cajan）、大果油麻藤（Mucuna aterrima）及苦瓜（Momordica charantia）。接种所用的线虫虫源为保存在温室中、于棉花植株上繁殖得到的纯种群。接种60天后，测定线虫卵量、植株株高、茎粗以及地上部与根系的鲜重。木豆、牛至、大果油麻藤及苦瓜的水提液可分别使线虫卵量降低28%、28%、44%与60%。就茎粗而言，大果油麻藤与木豆的水提液处理组与对照组及其他处理组存在显著差异。就地上部鲜重而言，木豆、毛喉鞘蕊花、大果油麻藤及美丽猪屎豆的水提液处理组与对照组及其他处理组存在显著差异。综上，大果油麻藤、木豆、牛至及苦瓜的水提液可作为肾形线虫（Rotylenchulus reniformis）防治的备选手段。