Supplementary Material for: Heterogeneity of Adult Rhinitis for Multimorbidity and Age at Onset among Non-Sensitized Rhinitis and Mono-/Poly-Sensitized Rhinitis: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Recent studies have proposed that clinical and immunological differences exist between mono- and poly-sensitized subjects with allergic diseases, and poly-sensitization was related to multimorbidity of allergic diseases among children and adolescents. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> We compared the clinical characteristics and multimorbidity of allergic diseases between adult rhinitis patients mono- and poly-sensitized to common aeroallergens using a retrospective cross-sectional study for tertiary care subjects. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The medical records of 1,615 patients who were clinically diagnosed with rhinitis by an otolaryngologist and evaluated with skin prick tests were reviewed. The severity of the rhinitis symptoms, comorbidities (asthma, conjunctivitis, and eczema), family history of allergic diseases, and the results of skin prick tests were evaluated. <b><i>Results:</i></b> There were 392 patients with mono-sensitized rhinitis (mono-sR), 325 with poly-sensitized rhinitis (poly-sR), and 898 with non-sensitized rhinitis (non-sR). Comorbid conjunctivitis and eczema were most common in poly-sR, followed by mono-sR, and least common in non-sR patients. The age at onset of rhinitis was clearly different between adult patients with non-sR and mono-/poly-sR, but not between patients with mono-sR and poly-sR. However, the age at onset of rhinitis was much younger in non-sR and mono-sR patients with conjunctivitis or eczema than those without such comorbidities. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Thefrequency of comorbid conjunctivitis and eczema in adult rhinitis patients differed by a quantitative trait of immunoglobulin E sensitization. Depending on the multimorbidity of allergic diseases, onset age of rhinitis seems to be different in adult rhinitis patients.

<b><i>背景：</i></b> 近期研究指出，过敏性疾病患者中单致敏与多致敏群体在临床与免疫学层面存在差异，且儿童及青少年群体的多致敏状态与过敏性疾病共病风险相关。<b><i>研究目的：</i></b> 本研究针对三级医疗受试者开展回顾性横断面研究，旨在对比对常见气传过敏原呈单致敏与多致敏的成人鼻炎患者的临床特征及过敏性疾病共病情况。<b><i>研究方法：</i></b> 本研究回顾了1615例经耳鼻喉科医师临床诊断为鼻炎，并接受皮肤点刺试验（skin prick test）评估的患者的病历资料。我们对患者的鼻炎症状严重程度、合并症（哮喘、结膜炎及湿疹）、过敏性疾病家族史以及皮肤点刺试验结果进行了分析评估。<b><i>研究结果：</i></b> 本研究纳入的患者中，单致敏性鼻炎（mono-sR）患者392例，多致敏性鼻炎（poly-sR）患者325例，非致敏性鼻炎（non-sR）患者898例。合并结膜炎与湿疹的情况在多致敏性鼻炎患者中最为常见，其次为单致敏性鼻炎患者，非致敏性鼻炎患者的此类合并症发生率最低。非致敏性鼻炎成人患者的鼻炎发病年龄与单/多致敏性鼻炎患者存在显著差异，但单致敏与多致敏性鼻炎患者的发病年龄并无明显区别。不过，合并结膜炎或湿疹的非致敏性与单致敏性鼻炎患者，其鼻炎发病年龄显著早于无此类合并症的对应群体。<b><i>研究结论：</i></b> 成人鼻炎患者合并结膜炎与湿疹的发生率，随免疫球蛋白E致敏的量化特征不同而存在差异。成人鼻炎患者的鼻炎发病年龄似乎因过敏性疾病共病情况的不同而有所差异。