Cultural Resources Assessment of 117 Archaeological Sites for the Fannin-McFarland and Tucson Aqueducts, Central Arizona Project Canal: Site Boundary Shapefiles

In compliance with Section 106 of the NHPA, the Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation), Phoenix Area Office (PXAO) began cultural resource surveys along the Central Arizona Project (CAP) main stem alignment shortly after the CAP was authorized. For the next 25 years, various cultural resource management contractors conducted inventories of the CAP, recording several hundred archaeological sites. From the 1970s to the 1980s, some of these sites were tested and/or excavated as mitigation for the construction of the CAP main stem canal. While many sites were determined eligible or not eligible for the National Register of Historic Places (Register), some did not receive eligibility determinations and some were located outside of the construction corridor and not affected by construction activities. The legacy survey data and site records from these various investigations have a number of errors and are sometimes contradictory. In an effort to better manage cultural resources on Reclamation land, PXAO has developed an archaeological site database for the CAP canal. The database was developed using all the previous main stem survey data; however, the Register eligibility status of the majority of these sites was unknown following completion of the CAP. Additionally, an unknown number of sites were either destroyed by construction or excavation, while others are no longer within Reclamation’s CAP ROW. It is necessary that the database accurately reflects the current Register eligibility status of all archaeological sites within the CAP ROW to ensure that PXAO can effectively manage these sites. To this end, PXAO has been updating its database and conducted consultation with the Arizona State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) in 2015, seeking to resolve the eligibility status of sites within the CAP ROW. Following this consultation, the SHPO and PXAO agreed that based on the assessment data provided, further work was required on 117 sites along the Fannin-McFarland and Tucson Aqueducts. For 24 sites determined eligible for the Register, the maps from the original surveys were insufficient. For another 93 sites, the data provided was insufficient to determine whether a site was eligible or ineligible for inclusion in the Register. During ACS’ efforts to relocate 117 previously recorded sites along the Fannin-McFarland and Tucson Aqueducts, eligibility for 10 sites could not be determined and so eligibility testing was conducted at these 10 sites to determine Register eligibility or the extent to which subsurface deposits are likely present with the CAP ROW. Following this work, additional survey was conducted in selected portions of the CAP corridor to try and relocate 15 sites that could not be found due to destruction or misplotting. This file is consists of the site boundary shapefiles.

为遵守《历史遗迹保护法》（National Historic Preservation Act, NHPA）第106条规定，美国垦务局（Bureau of Reclamation）菲尼克斯地区办事处（Phoenix Area Office, PXAO）在亚利桑那州中部工程（Central Arizona Project, CAP）获批后不久，即沿其主干渠轴线启动了文化资源调查工作。在随后的25年间，多家文化资源管理承包商对CAP项目开展了全面普查，累计记录了数百处考古遗址。1970年代至1980年代期间，为抵消CAP主干渠建设对文化遗产造成的影响，部分遗址被实施了测试性发掘或正式发掘。尽管多数遗址已被判定符合或不符合《国家历史遗迹名录》（National Register of Historic Places，后文简称名录）的收录标准，但仍有部分遗址未完成资格认定，另有部分遗址位于建设廊道范围之外，未受施工活动波及。上述各类调查形成的遗留普查数据与遗址档案存在诸多疏漏与矛盾之处。为优化垦务局管辖土地上的文化资源管理工作，PXAO针对CAP干渠搭建了考古遗址数据库。该数据库整合了此前全部主干渠普查数据，但在CAP项目完工后，多数遗址的名录收录资格状态仍未明确。此外，未知数量的遗址因建设活动或考古发掘遭到破坏，另有部分遗址已不再处于垦务局管辖的CAP用地范围（Right of Way, ROW）内。为确保数据库能够准确反映CAP用地范围内所有考古遗址当前的名录资格状态，保障PXAO能够高效开展遗址管理工作，亟需对数据库进行升级完善。为此，PXAO一直在推进数据库更新工作，并于2015年与亚利桑那州历史保护办公室（Arizona State Historic Preservation Office, SHPO）开展磋商，旨在明确CAP用地范围内各遗址的名录收录资格。经此次磋商，SHPO与PXAO达成共识：依据现有评估数据，范宁-麦克法兰德渠与图森渡槽沿线的117处遗址需开展进一步工作。其中，24处初步被认定符合名录收录资格的遗址，原始普查所用的地图资料不足；另有93处遗址，现有数据无法判定其是否符合名录收录标准。在ACS团队尝试对范宁-麦克法兰德渠与图森渡槽沿线的117处已有记录遗址进行重新定位的过程中，有10处遗址无法确定其名录资格，因此对这10处遗址开展了资格测试，以明确其是否符合名录收录资格，或确定其在CAP用地范围内的地下遗存分布范围。此项工作完成后，项目团队还在CAP廊道的选定区域开展了补充普查，试图重新定位15处因遭到破坏或点位标注错误而未能找到的遗址。本数据集包含各遗址的边界形状文件（shapefiles）。