NSE, S100B and MMP9 Expression Following Reperfusion after Carotid Artery Stenting data

Abstract: Objective: Previous studies have shown that the neuron-specific-
enolase (NSE), S100B protein (S100B) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) are
specific markers for studying cerebral injury. This study was to demonstrate
these biomarkers for their correlation with reperfusion after carotid artery
stenting (CAS).

Method: In this study, a total of 44 patients
who were diagnosed unilateral carotid artery stenosis by Digital Subtraction
Angiography (DSA) and underwent CAS, were selected as the operation groups. The
patients’ blood samples were collected at three different time points: T1,
prior to operation; T2, next morning after operation (24 hours); T3, three days
after operation (72 hours); All of patients with operation were received
Computed Tomography Perfusion (CTP) at T1 and T3. The second group of 12
patients, who were excluded for carotid artery stenosis by DSA, were assigned
to be the control group; Blood samples of these patients were collected at T1.
The concentrations of NSE, S100B and MMP9 in serum from patients of both groups
were detected by ELISA.

Results: All of the operations were implanted in stents successfully
without complications. (1) After CAS, rCBF increased while rMTT and rTTP
decreased. (2) The concentrations of NSE, S100B and MMP9 in the serum decreased
gradually (T1>T2>T3). There was no significant difference between the control
group and the operation group at T1 (P>0.05) on their concentrations of NSE,
S100B and MMP9 in the serum. When compared among the operation groups, the
concentrations of NSE, S100B and MMP9 in the serum at T1 and T3 showed
significantly difference (P<0.05). (3) Correlation analysis among the
operation groups indicated that NSE, S100B, MMP9 and rCBF were positively
correlated before operation (r = 0.69, 0.58 and 0.72, respectively, P <
0.05), as well as after operation (r = 0.75, 0.65 and 0.60, respectively, P
< 0.05).

Conclusion: We concluded that the concentrations of NSE, S100B and MMP9 in serum
decreased with the improvement of cerebral reperfusion after CAS. NSE, S100B
and MMP9 can be used as laboratory biochemical markers to evaluate the
improvement of reperfusion after CAS. The results very well complement the
imaging methods, such as CTP.