Data from: The fitness costs of antibiotic resistance mutations

Antibiotic resistance is increasing in pathogenic microbial populations
and is thus a major threat to public health. The fate of a resistance
mutation in pathogen populations is determined in part by its fitness.
Mutations that suffer little or no fitness cost are more likely to persist
in the absence of antibiotic treatment. In this review, we performed a
meta-analysis to investigate the fitness costs associated with single
mutational events that confer resistance. Generally, these mutations were
costly, although several drug classes and species of bacteria on average
did not show a cost. Further investigations into the rate and fitness
values of compensatory mutations that alleviate the costs of resistance
will help us to better understand both the emergence and management of
antibiotic resistance in clinical settings.

病原微生物种群的抗生素耐药性呈持续上升态势，由此对公共卫生构成重大威胁。病原菌种群内耐药突变的存续命运，一定程度上取决于其适合度（fitness）。几乎不产生或完全不产生适合度成本的突变，在无抗生素治疗的条件下更易持续存留。在本综述中，我们开展了一项荟萃分析（meta-analysis），以探究赋予耐药性的单突变事件所关联的适合度成本。总体而言，此类突变均存在适合度成本，尽管部分药物类别与细菌物种的平均水平未体现出该成本。后续针对可缓解耐药性成本的补偿性突变（compensatory mutations）的发生速率与适合度值展开研究，将有助于我们更深入地理解临床环境中抗生素耐药性的出现与管控。