An Extensive SWIR Hyperspectral Dataset of Porous Stones with Moisture Maps at Varying Saturation Levels

Dataset Description: This dataset provides hyperspectral images, corresponding moisture maps and accompanying CSV files containing mean spectral reflectance of six porous building materials: five natural stones (Euville, Massangis, Neubrunner, Obernkirchener, and Savonnières) and one archaeological red brick. For each material, six replicate cubes (~6 × 6 × 6 cm³) were prepared, and from each cube, a small cylindrical sub-sample was extracted to capture spatial heterogeneity, resulting in 36 large cubes and 36 small sub-samples. Moisture levels were controlled across six states: Dry, 25%, 50%, 75%, 90%, and 100%. Hyperspectral images were acquired using an Imec Snapscan SWIR camera (1100–1670 nm nominal range, ~5 nm mean spectral resolution) under uniform lighting and consistent positioning. Each hyperspectral cube contains 100 spectral bands, with wavelengths ranging from 1120.5 nm (first band) to 1675.1 nm (last band). The band interval varies between 0.32 nm and 15.37 nm, with a mean spacing of approximately 5.6 nm. For large samples, the original image cubes were 400 × 400 pixels, including both sample and background. To isolate only the sample area, images were cropped, resulting in final cube sizes ranging from 286 × 210 to 391 × 384 pixels. In addition to hyperspectral image cubes and moisture maps, this dataset now includes CSV files containing mean spectral reflectance for all samples across all moisture levels. Dataset Structure: The dataset (HSI_Moisture_Dataset.zip) contains two main folders: HS_Images/ – hyperspectral reflectance data Moisture_Maps/ – corresponding moisture maps Each folder has two subfolders: Big (sample cubes) and Small (cylindrical sub-samples). Within each, six folders represent the saturation levels (Dry, 25%, 50%, 75%, 90%, 100%). Each folder contains .mat files for all samples, named with the material code, replicate number, saturation level, and sample type. Examples: B1_sat_25_Big.mat – Brick, replicate 1, 25% saturation, large sample E3_sat_75_Small.mat – Euville, replicate 3, 75% saturation, small sample Material codes: B – Brick E – Euville M – Massangis N – Neubrunner OB – Obernkirchener S – Savonnières Each .mat file contains either hyperspectral reflectance data or moisture map data for the corresponding sample and saturation condition. The journal paper describing the dataset in detail and a method to estimate MC from spectral reflectance is currently under submission. The preprint version of the journal paper can be accessed via this DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.26625.98404 This is an open-source dataset. If you use it in your work, please cite these two DOIs: 10.5281/zenodo.17726161 ; 10.13140/RG.2.2.26625.98404