Slovenian Public Opinion, 1989

A specific theme of the survey was the awareness and attitude of the people towards the proposal for a new Republic Constitution. The first set of questions relates to the social crisis and reform. There is confidence in the government’s ability to resolve the crisis, the views on the need to reduce income differentials, the dilemma of halting inflation or unemployment. Respondents assess people’s mood in times of crisis, what would be the most appropriate way to solve problems, and judge individual views that would help to get out of the crisis. The chapter on positions related to the amendment of the Slovenian Constitution begins with questions about knowledge of the Constitution, knowledge of changes and necessity of amendments themselves. The level of agreement with individual constitutional amendments concerning solutions relating to the function of municipalities and the powers of the Republic, knowledge of the internal political system in Slovenia, electoral procedures and opinion on their adequacy, assessment of the necessity of calling a referendum is recorded below. Continue with the Slovenian translation of the international questionnaire ISSP85 The role of the state, which is partly repeated in ISSP96 and ISSP90 (see also ADP — IDNo: ISSPSJ89) or relevant ADP research — IDNo: SJM954 contains views on the functions of the government in specific areas. The respondents assess the importance of individual types of human rights for themselves personally and whether they are sufficiently protected in Yugoslavia, assess the most important constitutional amendments concerning the inviolability of housing, confession of religion, the death penalty, the right to operate political associations and organisations, Slovenian sovereignty. They are given an assessment of the individual economic measures that could be taken by the government, what influence the state should have in individual economic areas and for the functioning of which social areas the state is responsible for. A special chapter is dedicated to human rights. Respondents define the degree of suitability of each method of punishment, the right of the state to prevent the publication of confidential documents, the extent to which individual protest actions and actions should be allowed, and assess the justification of individual police measures in case of suspicion of a criminal offence. The questions on socio-political organisations include opinions on the influence of citizens, the public on government and politics, the role of SZDL, new political alliances, assessments of which political organisation will have the greatest importance in the future, opinions on the consistency of UK policy with the interests of the majority and comparison of UK leadership policy with leadership policy years ago, the importance of the UK and its role in the past and the future of society, the reputation of the UK among people. Questions about international relations begin with the standard scale of ethnic distance, how closely we would be willing to connect with members of individual Yugoslav nations, opinions on relations between peoples and ethnicities in the Slovenian and Yugoslav areas, and what future relations will be, the classification of countries or groups of countries with which Slovenia should connect in the future, and issues related to Slovenian sovereignty: Slovenian politics is sufficiently independent, the right to secession, the possibilities of Slovenia outside the framework of Yugoslavia, the assessment of its own response to a possible violent change of Slovenian political leadership. The remaining questions on transnational relations are inquired about crisis events outside Slovenia: assessment of the crisis in Kosovo, hunger strike by miners, cooperation of Slovenian militias and soldiers in the maintenance of the state of emergency in Kosovo. Respondents choose Slovenian politicians, which have the highest reputation among the people and Yugoslav politics, whose ideas are unacceptable, assess what foreign policy would be most appropriate for Yugoslavia, stalls regarding the introduction of civilian military service, consideration of conscientious objection to prolonging military service, usefulness of military service in the Republic of origin, anti-armadic mood, possibility for the military to take over power. The following are opinions on current events: various ways of undermining Slovenia’s sovereignty, the functioning of the Committee for the Protection of Human Rights, the JBTZ process. Demographic issues include gender, age, marital status, nationality, household size, basic income source of the household, employment status, qualification and position at work, education, membership in socio-political organisations, religion, father’s profession, strata (self-ranking), material status (acquisition of movable and general purpose objects), municipality, size of settlement and type of local community.本次调查的核心主题为民众对新共和国宪法提案的认知与态度。第一组问题围绕社会危机与改革展开，涉及民众对政府化解危机能力的信心、缩小收入差距的必要性之看法，以及遏制通胀与应对失业的两难抉择。受访者需评估危机时期的社会情绪、解决问题的最优路径，并判断有助于摆脱危机的个人观点。有关斯洛文尼亚宪法修正案的章节，开篇先设置了关于宪法认知、修正案变动的了解程度及修正案本身必要性的问题。随后记录了民众对涉及市政职能与共和国权限的各项宪法修正案的认同度、对斯洛文尼亚国内政治体系与选举程序的了解程度及对其合理性的评价，以及对启动全民公投必要性的评估。本章后续采用了国际社会调查项目ISSP85（International Social Survey Programme 85，该问卷在ISSP96与ISSP90中被部分复用，亦可参考编号为ISSPSJ89的ADP研究）中关于国家角色的斯洛文尼亚语译本，以及编号为SJM954的相关ADP研究中涉及特定领域政府职能的观点类问题。受访者需评估各类人权对自身的重要性，以及这些权利在南斯拉夫是否得到充分保障；同时评价与住房不可侵犯权、宗教信仰自由、死刑、政治结社权、斯洛文尼亚主权相关的核心宪法修正案的重要性。受访者还需对政府可采取的各类经济措施的合理性进行评判，明确国家在各经济领域应发挥的作用，以及国家应负责保障哪些社会领域的正常运转。另有专门章节聚焦人权议题。受访者需评判各类刑罚方式的适配性、国家管控机密文件发布的权利、各类抗议行动的允许边界，并评估警方在涉嫌刑事犯罪时采取各项措施的合理性。涉及社会政治组织的问题包括：民众对公民与公众影响政府及政治进程的看法、SZDL的角色定位、新兴政治联盟的地位；受访者需评估未来最具影响力的政治组织、英国政策是否契合多数民众利益、英国现任领导层与过往领导层的政策对比、英国在社会过往与未来发展中的重要性及角色，以及英国在民众中的声誉。国际关系相关问题以标准的族群亲疏程度量表开篇，用于测量民众愿意与各南斯拉夫族群成员建立联系的紧密程度；同时涵盖民众对斯洛文尼亚及南斯拉夫境内族群关系的看法、对未来族群关系的展望、斯洛文尼亚未来应与之建立联系的国家或国家集团分类，以及与斯洛文尼亚主权相关的议题：斯洛文尼亚政治是否具备足够独立性、分离权、斯洛文尼亚脱离南斯拉夫框架的可能性，以及对斯洛文尼亚政治领导层可能发生暴力更迭时自身应对方式的评估。剩余关于跨国关系的问题聚焦于斯洛文尼亚境外的危机事件：包括对科索沃危机的评价、矿工绝食行动、斯洛文尼亚民兵与士兵参与维护科索沃紧急状态的合作情况。受访者需选出在民众中声誉最高的斯洛文尼亚政治家与南斯拉夫政治人物，评判哪些政治理念无法被接受；评估南斯拉夫最适宜的外交政策、关于引入全民兵役的争议、对延长兵役的良心拒服考量、在原籍共和国服兵役的意义、反军国主义情绪，以及军方接管政权的可能性。后续为当前事件相关的观点调查：包括各类破坏斯洛文尼亚主权的行径、人权保护委员会的运作情况、JBTZ审判（JBTZ process）。人口统计学相关问题涵盖性别、年龄、婚姻状况、民族、家庭规模、家庭主要收入来源、就业状态、工作资质与岗位、受教育程度、社会政治组织成员身份、宗教信仰、父亲职业、自我阶层定位、物质状况（动产与通用物品的购置情况）、所属自治市、定居点规模与地方社区类型。