Families and Imprisonment Research Study, 2018-2019

The Families and Imprisonment Research Study (FAIR) comprises the third wave of data collection from a prospective longitudinal mixed methods study of families who experienced paternal imprisonment 6-8 years previously (at the first wave of data collection). Interviews, including standardised measures, were held with 32 fathers, 36 mothers and 42 children from 41 families, to capture post-release experiences and outcomes. Topics covered included accommodation; employment/education/training; social relationships; family life; child adjustment; health; leisure; community involvement; criminal activity; coping; support; effects of imprisonment and goals/hopes for the future. Data are included for 16 fathers and 27 mothers who consented to data sharing. Interview data from children are not included, however parental reports on 71 children are available in the parents' data files. Consent: For the parents and children aged over 18, consent was sought verbally and confirmed by signing a written consent form. Consent could be given for any or all of the following: taking part in the study; being audio recorded and sharing data via UKDS. For the children aged under 18, parental consent was sought initially from the primary caregiver and confirmed via their own consent form. The children themselves were then asked for consent to take part (and/or be audio recorded) and signed or stamped their own consent form. Age-appropriate language and documentation were used for different age groups (4-7; 8-11 and 12-17). Data Entry: Data were entered into SPSS by four members of the research team. Quantitative data consist of participant responses from a pre-defined list of questions. Qualitative data consist of notes made by the interviewer from participant responses to open-ended questions. Following initial data entry, the data were cleaned by two members of the research team who resolved coding inconsistencies, identified and amended gaps/errors and cross-checked each other's work. Anonymisation: Each participant has a unique ID number that was used in replacement of their name in all documentation and data files except the database used to manage participant details and the consent forms, which contained both unique ID numbers and names/signatures. In the qualitative responses within the SPSS files, if participants referred to another research participant (e.g. a mother referring to her child), this was substituted with the respective participant’s own unique ID number. This helped to keep track of family relationships. If participants referred to an individual not in the study, the individual’s name was substituted for their relationship to the participant (e.g. [brother], [friend]). Due to the sensitivity of the research topic, locations were also anonymised. Current places of imprisonment or residence were substituted with [current prison] and [current location] respectively. Previous places of imprisonment/residence were substituted in chronological order (e.g. [previouslocation1], [previous location2]. Data were not originally entered in an anonymised form for analytical reasons. Anonymisation of the data files was first undertaken by a research assistant and then cross-checked by senior members of the research team.

家庭与监禁研究（The Families and Imprisonment Research Study，缩写FAIR）是一项前瞻性纵向混合方法研究的第三波数据收集工作，该研究聚焦于在第一波数据收集阶段就已经历父亲监禁的家庭，时间跨度为监禁发生后的6至8年。研究团队对来自41个家庭的32名父亲、36名母亲及42名儿童开展了包含标准化测量工具的访谈，以捕捉他们在监禁后的经历与结局。访谈涵盖的主题包括住宿、就业/教育/培训、社会关系、家庭生活、儿童适应状况、健康、休闲活动、社区参与、犯罪行为、应对方式、支持资源、监禁的影响以及未来目标与期望。
仅有16名父亲与27名母亲同意共享其研究数据。儿童访谈数据未纳入公开数据集，但父母数据文件中包含针对71名儿童的父母报告内容。
知情同意：对于父母及18岁以上的儿童，研究人员以口头方式征求知情同意，并通过签署书面知情同意书予以确认。参与者可自主选择同意参与研究、接受录音以及通过英国数据存档服务（UKDS）共享数据。对于18岁以下的儿童，研究团队首先从主要照料者处获取父母知情同意，并通过儿童自身签署的同意书予以确认；随后还会征求儿童本人参与研究（及/或接受录音）的同意，由儿童签署或加盖手印确认其同意书。研究团队针对4-7岁、8-11岁及12-17岁三个不同年龄组，使用了适配年龄的语言与文档材料。
数据录入：研究团队共有4名成员将数据录入至SPSS统计分析软件（SPSS）。定量数据来源于参与者对预设问题列表的回答；定性数据则由访谈员根据参与者对开放性问题的回答所记录的笔记构成。初始数据录入完成后，由2名研究团队成员开展数据清洗工作：他们会解决编码不一致问题，识别并修正缺失值与错误，同时互相交叉核对各自的工作成果。
匿名化：每位参与者均被分配唯一识别编号（ID），在所有文档与数据文件中，该编号均替代参与者姓名；仅在用于管理参与者信息的数据库以及包含姓名与签名的知情同意书中，同时保留唯一识别编号与姓名。在SPSS文件的定性回复内容中，若参与者提及其他研究参与者（例如母亲提及自己的孩子），则将其替换为对应参与者的唯一识别编号，以便追踪家庭关系。若参与者提及研究之外的个体，则将该个体的姓名替换为其与参与者的关系称谓（例如[兄弟]、[朋友]）。鉴于本研究主题的敏感性，所有地点信息均进行了匿名化处理：当前监禁场所与居住地址分别替换为[当前监禁场所]与[当前居住地]，既往监禁场所/居住地址则按时间顺序依次替换为[既往地点1]、[既往地点2]等。由于分析需求，原始数据录入时并未采用匿名形式。数据文件的匿名化工作首先由一名研究助理完成，随后由研究团队的资深成员进行交叉核对。