The Usefulness of Resistant Maltodextrin and Chitosan Oligosaccharide in Management of Gut Leakage and Microbiota in Chronic Kidney Disease.xlsx

Fecal Microbiota Diversity Shannon index and Pielou's evenness were evaluated to assess the diversity and evenness of bacterial communities at week 12 of the experiment. However, no significant differences were observed in Shannon index and Pielou's evenness among the different groups (Figure 3A). In contrast, when examining the control group, beta diversity analysis using Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) of Bray-Curtis Dissimilarity demonstrated no significant difference in diversity between week 0 and week 12. This suggests that the overall composition of bacterial communities in the control group remained relatively stable over the course of the experiment. Regarding specific prebiotic treatments, the inulin group exhibited a significant decrease in beta diversity, similar to the CKD group, indicating a notable change in the bacterial community composition over time. Conversely, the rats treated with RMD did not show a significant change in beta diversity, similar to the control group. This suggests that RMD treatment maintained a relatively stable and consistent bacterial community composition throughout the 12-week period. Interestingly, the COS group displayed a significant increase in beta diversity, suggesting a notable shift in the composition of bacterial communities compared to both the control and CKD groups.

本研究于实验第12周对粪便微生物群多样性的香农指数（Shannon index）与皮卢均匀度指数（Pielou's evenness）进行检测，以评价细菌群落的多样性与均匀度。结果显示，不同组别间的香农指数与皮卢均匀度指数均未呈现显著差异（图3A）。与之相对，针对对照组，采用布雷-柯蒂斯相异度（Bray-Curtis Dissimilarity）进行主坐标分析（Principal Coordinate Analysis, PCoA）以开展β多样性（beta diversity）分析，结果表明实验第0周与第12周的群落多样性无显著差异，提示对照组的细菌群落整体组成在整个实验周期内保持相对稳定。针对特定益生元（prebiotic）干预组，菊糖组的β多样性出现显著下降，与慢性肾脏病组（Chronic Kidney Disease, CKD）一致，表明其细菌群落组成随时间发生了显著变化。与之相反，接受RMD干预的大鼠β多样性未出现显著变化，与对照组表现一致，提示RMD干预在整个12周实验周期内维持了细菌群落组成的相对稳定与一致性。有趣的是，壳寡糖组（Chitosan Oligosaccharide, COS）的β多样性出现显著上升，相较于对照组与慢性肾脏病组，其细菌群落组成发生了明显偏移。