Latin American Integration Route and the State of Mato Grosso do Sul: productive characterization, threats, and possibilities of promotion

Abstract: The Latin American Integration Route (RILA) corresponds to the materialization of an old desire to integrate the peoples of South America. This route will connect important municipalities in Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina, and Chile. In the state of Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), it will connect important municipalities, and bring opportunities and threats. The objective of the study was to analyze the productive structure of the municipalities in Mato Grosso do Sul that will be directly affected by the RILA to better understand this process. For this purpose, we used an Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis (Spatial EDA) and the spatial Locational Quotient (sLQ) of the sectorial jobs of the municipalities of the State. The results point out a spatial inequality in productive sectors, delimiting “sectorial islands”. In the industrial sector, the northeastern regions and the surroundings of the capital, Campo Grande, stand out. The northeast region of the State also stands out in the Civil Construction sector and, together with the north-central part of the MS, in the agriculture and livestock sector. In the trade sector, the southern region of the MS stands out, with proximity to Paraguay. In the services sector, there is a relative concentration in the capital and the extreme south of the State. In conclusion, we point out the urgent need for public policies to expand opportunities and mitigate the threats of integration managed by the route.

摘要：拉丁美洲一体化通道（Latin American Integration Route，简称RILA）乃是南美各国人民一体化夙愿的具象化成果。该通道将串联巴西、巴拉圭、阿根廷及智利境内的重要城镇。在南马托格罗索州（Mato Grosso do Sul，简称MS）境内，该通道将串联起诸多重要城镇，同时亦将带来机遇与挑战。本研究旨在剖析将受RILA直接影响的南马托格罗索州各城镇的产业结构，以深化对该一体化进程的认知。为此，本研究采用了探索性空间数据分析（Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis，以下简称空间EDA）以及该州各城镇分行业就业人口的空间区位商（spatial Locational Quotient，简称sLQ）作为分析工具。研究结果显示，各产业部门存在空间分布不均衡现象，形成了若干‘产业孤岛’。工业领域中，该州东北部地区及首府大坎普（Campo Grande）周边区域表现突出。该州东北部地区在土木工程建筑业亦表现突出，同时与MS中北部地区一同在农牧业领域占据优势地位。商贸领域中，MS南部地区因毗邻巴拉圭而优势显著。服务业则相对集中于该州首府及最南部区域。综上，本研究认为亟需出台公共政策，以拓展该通道带来的发展机遇并缓解其带来的潜在挑战。