Grain consumption and risk of gastric cancer: a meta-analysis

This study evaluated the relationship between grain consumption and the risk of gastric cancer. A total of 19 studies met the inclusion criteria. For whole grain consumption, there was a 13% reduction in the risk of gastric cancer (<i>p</i> = .003), and a subgroup analysis showed that a large amount of whole grain consumption reduced the risk of gastric cancer by 44% (<i>p</i> &lt; .001). For refined grain consumption, there was a 36% increase in the risk of gastric cancer (<i>p</i> &lt; .001); a subgroup analysis showed that a large and a moderate amount of refined grain consumption increased the risk of gastric cancer by 63% (<i>p</i> &lt; .001) and 28% (<i>p</i> &lt; .001), respectively. A large intake of whole grains might be protective against gastric cancer, whereas the ingestion of refined cereals may be a risk factor for gastric cancer. Moreover, the risk of cancer increases with the increase of refined grain intake.

本研究评估了谷物摄入与胃癌风险之间的关联。共有19项研究符合纳入标准。就全谷物（whole grain）摄入而言，胃癌风险可降低13%（*p* = 0.003）；亚组分析显示，高剂量全谷物摄入可使胃癌风险降低44%（*p* < 0.001）。对于精制谷物（refined grain）摄入，胃癌风险升高36%（*p* < 0.001）；亚组分析进一步表明，高、中剂量精制谷物摄入分别使胃癌风险升高63%（*p* < 0.001）与28%（*p* < 0.001）。高全谷物摄入可能对胃癌具有保护作用，而精制谷物摄入或为胃癌的危险因素。此外，胃癌风险随精制谷物摄入量的增加而升高。