Biochar and swine wastewater: Effects on soil fertility of different textures and corn nutrition

ABSTRACT The use of organic waste in agriculture has stimulated the search for technologies that reduce environmental pollution. Among the residues are the biochar and swine wastewater (SW), which incorrectly disposed cause negative impacts, however, when combined, they can enhance agricultural production, due to the synergism between both. In this sense, the objective was to evaluate the influence of doses of biochar, from conilon coffee straw, combined or not with swine wastewater diluted to 50% (SW50%), on the nutrient content in medium and clayey texture soils and in the corn plant tissue. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, with five doses of biochar, two irrigation waters and two soils, with three repetitions. The pH, P, K+, Ca+2, Mg+2, Zn+2 and Na+ in the soil and N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Zn and Na in plant were evaluated. The addition of biochar in doses linearly increased the levels of P and K+ in both soil textures, with synergy when irrigated with SW50%. The SW50% provided a nutrients increase in the corn plant tissue. The agricultural use of biochar from conilon coffee straw was important to increase the content of P and, mainly, K in the aerial part of corn.

摘要 农业领域有机废弃物的资源化利用推动了可降低环境污染的相关技术研发。生物炭与猪粪废水（swine wastewater, SW）是其中两类常见废弃物，若处置不当会产生诸多负面影响，但二者复配后可通过协同作用提升农业生产效能。基于此，本研究旨在评估以科尼隆咖啡秸秆（conilon coffee straw）制备的生物炭施用量，配合或不配合稀释至50%的猪粪废水（SW50%），对中质与黏质质地土壤及玉米植株组织内养分含量的影响。本试验于温室中开展，设置5个生物炭施用量梯度、2种灌溉水类型及2种土壤质地类型，每组设置3次重复。测定指标包括土壤pH值、有效磷（P）、钾离子（K+）、钙离子（Ca²+）、镁离子（Mg²+）、锌离子（Zn²+）与钠离子（Na+），以及玉米植株体内的氮（N）、磷（P）、钾（K）、钙（Ca）、镁（Mg）、锌（Zn）与钠（Na）含量。施加不同剂量的生物炭可使两种质地土壤中的有效磷与钾离子水平呈线性升高，且配合SW50%灌溉时可产生协同增效作用。采用SW50%灌溉可提升玉米植株组织内的养分含量。农业生产中施用科尼隆咖啡秸秆制备的生物炭，可有效提升玉米地上部分的磷元素含量，尤以钾元素提升效果显著。