Data from: Karyotype analysis of four jewel-beetle species (Coleoptera, Buprestidae) detected by standard staining, C-banding, AgNOR-banding and CMA3/DAPI staining

The male karyotypes of Acmaeodera pilosellae persica Mannerheim, 1837 with 2n=20 (18+neoXY), Sphenoptera scovitzii Faldermann, 1835 (2n=38–46), Dicerca aenea validiuscula Semenov, 1895 – 2n=20 (18+Xyp) and Sphaerobothris aghababiani Volkovitsh et Kalashian, 1998 – 2n=16 (14+Xyp) were studied using conventional staining and different chromosome banding techniques: C-banding, AgNOR-banding, as well as fluorochrome Chromomycin A3 (CMA3) and DAPI. It is shown that C-positive segments are weakly visible in all four species which indicates a small amount of constitutive heterochromatin (CH). There were no signals after DAPI staining and some positive signals were discovered using CMA3 staining demonstrating absence of AT-rich DNA and presence of GC-rich clusters of CH. Nucleolus organizing regions (NORs) were revealed using Ag-NOR technique; argentophilic material mostly coincides with positive signals obtained using CMA3 staining.

本研究采用常规染色法、C带染色、AgNOR带染色，以及荧光染料色霉素A3（Chromomycin A3, CMA3）和4',6-二脒基-2-苯基吲哚（DAPI），对4种吉丁甲科昆虫的雄性核型展开了分析。所涉物种及对应核型参数如下：1. 毛扁头吉丁波斯亚种（Acmaeodera pilosellae persica Mannerheim, 1837），二倍体染色体数2n=20（18条常染色体+新X新Y性染色体）；2. 斯氏窄吉丁（Sphenoptera scovitzii Faldermann, 1835），二倍体染色体数2n=38~46；3. 铜吉丁强壮亚种（Dicerca aenea validiuscula Semenov, 1895），二倍体染色体数2n=20（18条常染色体+Xyp性染色体）；4. 阿氏圆头吉丁（Sphaerobothris aghababiani Volkovitsh et Kalashian, 1998），二倍体染色体数2n=16（14条常染色体+Xyp性染色体）。研究结果表明，4个物种的C带阳性区段均表现较弱，提示其组成型异染色质（constitutive heterochromatin, CH）含量偏低。DAPI染色未检出阳性信号，而CMA3染色则可观察到部分阳性信号，这意味着该类昆虫基因组中缺乏AT富集的DNA序列，且存在GC富集的组成型异染色质簇。本研究通过Ag-NOR技术成功定位到核仁组织区（Nucleolus organizing regions, NORs），且嗜银物质大多与CMA3染色所得的阳性信号相吻合。