Data_Nostalgia

We tested these three hypotheses across three experimental studies. In Study 1, we examined the main effect of nostalgia, showing that nostalgia decreases consumers' appearance management (H1). Study 2 provided evidence for the proposed psychological process (H2). This study demonstrated that nostalgia enhances the authentic self, thereby reducingconsumers' focus on appearance management. In addition, we excluded alternative psychological processes, including self-reflection, inner feelings, and self-awareness. Study 3 tested the boundary conditions of the main effect (H3), revealingthat when nostalgia is not experienced as pure nostalgia, its negative impact on consumers' appearance management is diminished because nostalgic elements provide utilitarian value, such as decorating products.