Data from: Developmental fine-tuning of MSO neurons mitigates their predisposition to contralateral sound sources

ABSTRACT. Having two ears enables us to localize sound sources by exploiting interaural time differences (ITDs) in sound arrival. Principal neurons of the medial superior olive (MSO) are sensitive to ITD, and each MSO neuron responds optimally to a best ITD (bITD). In many cells, especially those tuned to low sound frequencies, these bITDs correspond to ITDs for which the contralateral ear leads, and are often larger than the ecologically relevant range, defined by the ratio of the interaural distance and the speed of sound. Using in vivo recordings in gerbils, we found that shortly after hearing onset the bITDs were even more contralaterally leading than found in adult gerbils, and travel latencies for contralateral sound-evoked activity clearly exceeded those for ipsilateral sounds. During the following weeks, both these latencies and their interaural difference decreased. A computational model indicated that spike timing-dependent plasticity can underlie this fine-tuning. Our results suggest that MSO neurons start out with a strong predisposition toward contralateral sounds due to their longer neural travel distances, but that, especially in high-frequency neurons, this predisposition is subsequently mitigated by differential developmental fine-tuning of the travel latencies. This repository includes the in vivo recordings of MSO cells in Mongolian gerbils and the code for the simulation of spike timing-dependent development. Filenames (e.g. MG211015a_U24_BINZW) indicate the recording date (MG/*YYYYMMDD/*), which gerbil (a/b), the recorded unit (U#), and the sound stimulus (BINZW: binaural zwuis with different ITDs, ClickSPL: monaural clicks with different click intensities, ClickITD: binaural click with different ITDs, DZW: double zwuis presented either binaural, ipsilateral or contralateral). Recordings with spike times and stimulus information are stored in .mat-files. Visual output of the analysis can be viewed as .fig and .pdf-files. The suffix 'EPSP' in the filename indicates the analysis of the EPSP that preceded the spike. Statistics and statistical testing is available as .xlsx-file. Code for the simulations can be found as .m-file (MATLAB R2019a).

摘要。双耳可使我们利用声波到达双耳的耳间时间差（interaural time difference，ITD）来定位声源。内侧上橄榄核（medial superior olive，MSO）的主神经元对ITD具有敏感性，且每个MSO神经元会对最优耳间时间差（best ITD，bITD）产生最佳响应。在众多细胞中，尤其是对低声频率敏感的细胞，这类bITD对应于对侧耳率先到达的ITD，且其数值通常大于由耳间距离与声速之比所定义的生态相关范围。
我们通过沙鼠在体记录实验发现，在听觉起始后不久，其bITD相较于成年沙鼠更偏向对侧耳领先，且对侧声诱发活动的传导潜伏期显著长于同侧声诱发活动的传导潜伏期。在后续的数周内，这类潜伏期及其耳间差值均出现下降。一项计算模型研究表明，脉冲时序依赖型可塑性（spike timing-dependent plasticity）可作为这类精细调控的基础。
我们的研究结果表明，MSO神经元最初由于其更长的神经传导距离，对侧声刺激存在显著的偏好性；但在后续发育过程中，尤其是在高频敏感神经元中，这种偏好性会通过传导潜伏期的差异化发育精细调控而被削弱。
本数据集仓库包含蒙古沙鼠MSO细胞的在体记录数据以及脉冲时序依赖型发育模拟的代码。文件名格式（例如"MG211015a_U24_BINZW"）可指示以下信息：记录日期（MG_*YYYYMMDD*_*）、沙鼠编号（a/b）、记录单元（U#）以及声刺激类型：BINZW指搭载不同ITD的双耳zwuis声刺激；ClickSPL指具有不同咔哒声强度的单耳咔哒声刺激；ClickITD指搭载不同ITD的双耳咔哒声刺激；DZW指可双耳、同侧或对侧呈现的双zwuis声刺激。
包含尖峰时序与刺激信息的记录数据存储于.mat格式文件中。分析得到的可视化结果可通过.fig与.pdf格式文件查看。文件名中带有"EPSP"后缀，表示该文件针对尖峰出现前的兴奋性突触后电位（excitatory postsynaptic potential，EPSP）进行分析。统计分析与统计检验结果存储于.xlsx格式文件中。模拟所用代码存储于.m格式文件中（适配MATLAB R2019a版本）。

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集包含沙鼠内侧上橄榄（MSO）神经元的体内记录数据，用于研究发育过程中神经元如何通过时间延迟调节减少对侧声音的偏好，涉及双耳时间差敏感性和尖峰时间依赖性可塑性模拟。数据集包括多个.zip文件（总大小约40.5 GB），涵盖不同年龄段的记录，以及MATLAB代码和Excel统计文件，发布于2024年3月，采用开放访问和Creative Commons Attribution 4.0许可证。