Association between cigarette use and adolescents’ behavior

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of cigarette use among adolescents and to identify associated health risk behaviors. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study with a representative sample, composed of 1059 adolescents between 13 and 19 years old, enrolled in primary and secondary public schools of Olinda, Pernambuco, in 2014. Information was obtained through self-administered questionnaires (validated version of YRBS 2007). Cigarette experimentation was defined as smoking at least once in life. Adolescents who smoked at least one day within 30 days prior to the survey were considered current smokers. Most students were female and 16 years old or older. RESULTS Almost 30% used it in life and about 10% smoked within the 30 days before the survey. Suicidal ideation (PR = 1.51, 95%CI 1.25–1.82), alcohol use (PR = 1.41, 95%CI 1.03–1.92), marijuana (PR = 1.64, 95%CI 1.37–1.96), excessive alcohol consumption (PR = 1.57, 95%CI 1.15–2.16) and sexual experience (PR = 1.78, 95%CI 1.43–2.21) have increased the risk of using cigarettes. Feelings of sadness (PR = 1.70, 95%CI 1.22–2.36), alcohol use (PR=2.40, 95%CI 1.12–5.12), excessive alcohol consumption (PR = 2.5, 95% CI 1.24–5.38), marijuana (PR = 2.31, 95%CI.57–3.39) and cocaine (PR = 1.99, 95%CI.32–3.01) increased the risk of cigarette use within the 30 days before the survey. CONCLUSIONS Cigarette use among adolescents from Olinda was high, being considered higher than the national prevalence. Possible factors associated with cigarette use were drug use (alcohol, marijuana, and cocaine) and behaviors related to sexual experience, feelings of sadness and suicidal ideation.

摘要
研究目的：旨在明确青少年吸烟流行率，并识别与之相关的健康风险行为。
研究方法：本研究为横断面研究，采用代表性样本，于2014年纳入巴西伯南布哥州奥林达市公立中小学的1059名13至19岁青少年作为研究对象。研究通过自填式信效度检验后的2007版青少年风险行为监测问卷（Youth Risk Behavior Survey, YRBS）收集相关信息。将人生中至少吸食过1次卷烟定义为吸烟尝试行为；将调查前30天内至少有1天吸烟的青少年判定为当前吸烟者。研究对象中多数为女性，且年龄在16岁及以上。
研究结果：近30%的青少年存在吸烟尝试行为，约10%为调查前30天内的当前吸烟者。自杀意念（患病率比（Prevalence Ratio, PR）=1.51，95%置信区间（Confidence Interval, CI）：1.25~1.82）、饮酒（PR=1.41，95%CI：1.03~1.92）、吸食大麻（PR=1.64，95%CI：1.37~1.96）、过量饮酒（PR=1.57，95%CI：1.15~2.16）以及性行为经历（PR=1.78，95%CI：1.43~2.21）均会提升青少年的吸烟风险。此外，情绪低落（PR=1.70，95%CI：1.22~2.36）、饮酒（PR=2.40，95%CI：1.12~5.12）、过量饮酒（PR=2.5，95%CI：1.24~5.38）、吸食大麻（PR=2.31，95%CI：0.57~3.39）以及可卡因（PR=1.99，95%CI：0.32~3.01）会提升调查前30天内当前吸烟的风险。
研究结论：奥林达市青少年吸烟率处于较高水平，且高于全国平均流行率。与青少年卷烟使用行为相关的潜在影响因素包括物质滥用（酒精、大麻与可卡因）、性行为相关行为、情绪低落以及自杀意念。