Differences between genders in anaerobic capacity during a supramaximal effort

Abstract Aim: The present study aimed to verify if there is a difference between genders in anaerobic capacity estimated by energetic equivalents of glycolytic and phosphagen pathways (AC[La-]+EPOCfast). Methods: In this way, 8 men and 8 women (physical education students) were subjected to the following sequence of tests: session 1) graded exercise test to measure the maximal oxygen consumption ( V ˙ O 2 max) and intensity associated with V ˙ O 2 max ( i V ˙ O 2 max ); sessions 2 to 3) familiarization with supramaximal effort at 115% of i V ˙ O 2 max; session 4) supramaximal effort at 115% of i V ˙ O 2 max to measure AC[La-]+EPOCfast. Results: The AC[La-]+EPOCfast was lower in women compared to men when expressed in absolute and relative values (-38.11%; p=0.01 and -25.71%; p=0.03, respectively). A non-significant difference was observed in performance in the supramaximal effort (-12.08%; p=0.15), besides which, a likely negative inference was observed when comparing women to men. In addition, energetic equivalents of the glycolytic pathway (e[La-]) were also lower in women when expressed in relative and absolute values (-47.01%; p=0.001 and -36.71%; p=0.001, respectively), however no statistical difference was found for energetic equivalents of the phosphagen pathway (ePCr) (p>0.05). Conclusion: The AC[La-]+EPOCfast is lower in women compared to men, mainly due to differences in the glycolytic pathway.

摘要：
研究目的：本研究旨在验证通过糖酵解通路（glycolytic pathway）与磷酸原通路（phosphagen pathway）的能量当量估算的无氧能力（anaerobic capacity）AC[La⁻]+EPOCfast是否存在性别差异。
研究方法：招募8名男性及8名女性体育教育专业学生，依次完成如下测试流程：第1次测试：递增负荷运动测试，用于测定最大摄氧量（maximal oxygen consumption，V̇O₂max）及对应最大摄氧量强度（iV̇O₂max）；第2至3次测试：熟悉115% iV̇O₂max强度下的超最大强度运动（supramaximal effort）；第4次测试：以115% iV̇O₂max强度开展超最大强度运动，测定AC[La⁻]+EPOCfast。
研究结果：以绝对值与相对值表征时，女性的AC[La⁻]+EPOCfast均低于男性（分别为-38.11%，p=0.01；-25.71%，p=0.03）。超最大强度运动表现未观察到显著性别差异（-12.08%，p=0.15），且女性相较男性存在潜在负向差异。此外，以绝对值与相对值表征时，女性的糖酵解通路能量当量（e[La⁻]）同样更低（分别为-47.01%，p=0.001；-36.71%，p=0.001），但磷酸原通路能量当量（ePCr）未发现统计学差异（p>0.05）。
研究结论：女性的AC[La⁻]+EPOCfast低于男性，该差异主要源于糖酵解通路的功能差异。