General Household Survey, Panel 2015-2016, Wave 3 - Nigeria

Abstract
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The Nigerian General Household Survey (GHS) is implemented in collaboration with the World Bank Living Standards Measurement Study (LSMS) team as part of the Integrated Surveys on Agriculture (ISA) program and was revised in 2010 to include a panel component (GHS-Panel). The objectives of the GHS-Panel include the development of an innovative model for collecting agricultural data, inter-institutional collaboration, and comprehensive analysis of welfare indicators and socio-economic characteristics. The GHS-Panel is a nationally representative survey of 5,000 households, which are also representative of the geopolitical zones (at both the urban and rural level). The households included in the GHS-Panel are a sub-sample of the overall GHS sample households.

GHS-Panel households were visited twice: first after the planting season (post-planting) between August and October and second after the harvest season (post-harvest) between February and April. All households were visited twice regardless of whether they participated in agricultural activities. Some important factors such as labour, food consumption, and expenditures were collected during both visits.

Geographic coverage
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National coverage

Analysis unit
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- Household
- Individual
- Community

Universe
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The survey covered all de jure households excluding prisons, hospitals, military barracks, and school dormitories.

Kind of data
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Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure
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A multi-stage stratified sample design was used for the GHS and the Panel Survey. The GHS-Panel sample is fully integrated with the 2010 GHS Sample. The GHS sample is comprised of 60 Primary Sampling Units (PSUs) or Enumeration Areas (EAs) chosen from each of the 37 states in Nigeria, a total of 2220 EAs nationally. Each EA contributes 10 households to the GHS sample, resulting in a sample size of 22,200 households. Out of these 22,000 households, 5,000 households from 500 EAs were selected for the panel component and 4,916 households completed their interviews in the first wave. Given the panel nature of the survey, some households had moved from their location and were not able to be located by the time of the Wave 3 visit, resulting in a slightly smaller sample of 4,581 households for Wave 3.

For further details of the sample design, see Section 1.2 of the final report.

Mode of data collection
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Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument
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The GHS-Panel Wave 3 consists of three questionnaires for each of the two visits. The Household Questionnaire was administered to all households in the sample. The Agriculture Questionnaire was administered to all households engaged in agricultural activities such as crop farming, livestock rearing and other agricultural and related activities. The Community Questionnaire was administered to the community to collect information on the socio-economic indicators of the enumeration areas where the sample households reside.

GHS-Panel Household Questionnaire: The Household Questionnaire provides information on demographics; education; health (including anthropometric measurement for children and child immunization); labour and labour data collection options; food and non-food expenditure; household nonfarm income-generating activities; food security and shocks; safety nets; housing conditions; assets; information and communication technology; and other sources of household income. Household location is geo-referenced in order to be able to later link the GHS-Panel data to other available geographic data sets. The labour module of the Household Questionnaire introduced four different variants to test the sensitivity of labour statistics to how labour modules are designed.

GHS-Panel Agriculture Questionnaire: The Agriculture Questionnaire solicits information on land ownership and use; farm labour; inputs use; GPS land area measurement and coordinates of household plots; agricultural capital; irrigation; crop harvest and utilization; animal holdings and costs; and household fishing activities.

GHS-Panel Community Questionnaire: The Community Questionnaire solicits information on access to infrastructure; community organizations; resource management; changes in the community; key events; community needs, actions and achievements; and local retail price information.

Cleaning operations
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Data Entry
The household and agricultural components of the survey were conducted using concurrent data entry approach. In this method, the fieldwork and data entry were handled by each team assigned to the state. Each team consisted of a field supervisor, 2-4 interviewers and a data entry operator. Immediately after the data were collected in the field by the interviewers and supervisors (the supervisors administered the community questionnaires and collected data on prices), the questionnaires were handed over to the supervisor to be checked and documented. At the end of each day of fieldwork, the questionnaires were then passed to the data entry operator for entry. After the questionnaires were entered, the data entry operator generated an error report which reported issues including out of range values and inconsistencies in the data. The supervisor then checked the report, determined what should be corrected, and decided if the field team needed to revisit the household to obtain additional information. The benefits of this method are that it allows one to:
- Capture errors that might have been overlooked by a visual inspection only,
- Identify errors early during the field work so that if any correction required a revisit to the household, it could be done while the team was still in the EA

The CSPro software was used to design the specialized data entry program that was used for the data entry of the questionnaires.

摘要
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尼日利亚综合家庭调查（GHS）是在世界银行生活标准测量研究（LSMS）团队的协作下实施的，作为综合农业调查（ISA）项目的一部分，并于2010年进行了修订，以纳入一个面板组件（GHS-Panel）。GHS-Panel的目标包括开发收集农业数据的新颖模型、机构间合作以及福利指标和社会经济特征的全面分析。GHS-Panel是一项全国代表性的家庭调查，样本量为5,000户，这些家庭也代表了各地理区域（包括城市和农村层面）。GHS-Panel中的家庭是总体GHS样本家庭的一个子样本。
GHS-Panel家庭被访问了两次：第一次是在种植季节之后（种植后）的8月至10月，第二次是在收获季节之后（收获后）的2月至4月。无论家庭是否参与农业活动，所有家庭都被访问了两次。在两次访问中都收集了一些重要因素，如劳动力、食品消费和支出。
地理覆盖范围
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全国覆盖
分析单元
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- 家庭
- 个人
- 社区
总体
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该调查涵盖了所有法定家庭，不包括监狱、医院、军事营房和学校宿舍。
数据类型
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样本调查数据 [ssd]
抽样程序
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GHS和面板调查使用了多阶段分层抽样设计。GHS-Panel样本与2010年GHS样本完全整合。GHS样本由来自尼日利亚37个州的60个一级抽样单位（PSU）或普查区（EA）组成，全国共有2220个EA。每个EA为GHS样本贡献10户家庭，从而形成了一个22,200户家庭的样本量。在这22,000户家庭中，从500个EA中选出了5,000户家庭作为面板组件，并在第一波中完成了4,916户家庭的访谈。鉴于调查的面板性质，一些家庭在第三波访问时已搬迁，无法找到，导致第三波样本略有减少，为4,581户家庭。
有关样本设计的更详细信息，请参阅最终报告的第1.2节。
数据收集方式
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面对面 [f2f]
研究工具
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GHS-Panel第三波包括两个访问的三份问卷。家庭问卷针对样本中的所有家庭进行。农业问卷针对所有从事农业活动（如作物种植、畜牧业及其他农业和相关活动）的家庭进行。社区问卷针对社区，以收集样本家庭居住的普查区的社会经济指标。
GHS-Panel家庭问卷：家庭问卷提供了关于人口统计、教育、健康（包括儿童的身体测量和儿童免疫接种）；劳动力和劳动力数据收集选项；食品和非食品支出；家庭非农收入生成活动；粮食安全和冲击；安全网；住房条件；资产；信息和通信技术；以及其他家庭收入来源的信息。家庭位置进行地理参照，以便以后将GHS-Panel数据与其他可用的地理数据集联系起来。家庭问卷的劳动力模块引入了四种不同的变体，以测试劳动力统计数据对劳动力模块设计敏感性的影响。
GHS-Panel农业问卷：农业问卷征求有关土地所有权和使用；农场劳动力；投入品使用；GPS土地面积测量和家庭地块坐标；农业资本；灌溉；作物收获和利用；牲畜拥有和成本；以及家庭捕鱼活动。
GHS-Panel社区问卷：社区问卷征求有关基础设施获取；社区组织；资源管理；社区变化；关键事件；社区需求、行动和成就；以及当地零售价格信息。
清洗操作
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数据录入
调查的家庭和农业部分使用并发数据录入方法进行。在这种方法中，现场工作和数据录入由分配给各州的每个团队处理。每个团队由一名现场主管、2-4名访谈员和一个数据录入员组成。在访谈员和主管（主管负责社区问卷并收集价格数据）在田间收集数据后，问卷立即交给主管进行检查和记录。每天现场工作结束后，问卷随后交给数据录入员进行录入。在问卷录入后，数据录入员生成一个错误报告，报告包括超出范围值和数据不一致等问题。然后主管检查报告，确定应纠正的内容，并决定是否需要现场团队重新访问家庭以获取更多信息。这种方法的好处是它允许：
- 捕获仅通过视觉检查可能被忽视的错误，
- 在现场工作早期就识别错误，以便如果需要任何纠正需要重新访问家庭，可以在团队仍在EA时进行。
用于设计问卷数据录入的专业数据录入程序的CSPro软件被使用。