THE INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK OF URBAN POLICY IN SPAIN AND COMPARATIVE NOTES WITH BRAZIL

Abstract The institutional framework of urban policy includes norms that regulate the actions of the State regarding land use, territorial planning and the competences of varying levels of government. In Spain, we have the central government, the comunidades autônomas (like the states in Brazil) and the ayuntamientos (local government). This analysis also includes the Ley de Suelo and Master Plans, taken as a privileged reference so that the study is not limited to the normative aspects of the institutional framework. Despite the differences and distinct aspects, this comparative analysis between Spain and the Urban Policy in Brazil allows us to identify common impasses, such as the hegemonic presence of a mercantile ideology of the city and urban management concepts that have spread the theses of urban entrepreneurship.

摘要：城市政策的制度框架涵盖规范国家在土地利用、国土空间规划以及各级政府权责范畴内行为的各项准则。在西班牙，行政层级分为中央政府、自治区（comunidades autônomas，对应巴西的州级行政单位）以及市镇政府（ayuntamientos）。本次分析还纳入了《土地法》（Ley de Suelo）与城市总体规划作为核心参考依据，以使本研究不局限于制度框架的规范层面。尽管二者存在诸多差异与各自鲜明特征，通过西班牙与巴西城市政策的对比分析，我们能够识别出二者共有的共性困境，例如城市商业意识形态的霸权性存在，以及传播城市企业主义（urban entrepreneurship）相关论点的城市治理理念。