Influence of floral orientation on feeding behavior in Anna's hummingbirds

Hover-feeding by hummingbirds from pendent flowers relative to horizontal flowers increases the metabolic cost of flight, but in nature a large proportion of hummingbird-pollinated flowers are nonetheless oriented near-vertically downward. We used binary-choice tests to assess behavioral preference of captive Anna's Hummingbirds for these two particular floral orientations. The extent of nectar consumption from artificial flowers differed significantly over a 2-hour exposure period, with birds showing greater extraction from the horizontal configuration. We also found that time spent hovering at the feeder immediately prior to nectar extraction did not vary by feeder orientation, whereas feeding duration tended to be greater at horizontal feeders. Opportunistic measurements of wild hummingbirds were also consistent with a preference for horizontal feeders. In aggregate, these observations suggest that the increased metabolic cost of hover-feeding from pendent flowers is matched by an as..., , # Influence of floral orientation on feeding behavior in Anna's hummingbirds

Dataset DOI: [10.5061/dryad.7m0cfxq6z](10.5061/dryad.7m0cfxq6z)

## Description of the data and file structure

**Datasheet 1**. Mass depletion of artificial nectar from horizontal and vertical feeders by four hummingbirds.

Variables:

hummingbird identity: ID of the individual hummingbird, depletion from horizontal feeder (grams):nectar solution depleted from the horizontally oriented feeder, depletion from vertical feeder (grams): nectar solution depleted from the vertically oriented feeder

**Datasheet 2**. Hang durations at horizontal and vertical feeders for two different hummingbirds.

Variables:

hummingbird identity: ID of the individual hummingbird, feeder orientation: either vertical or horizontal orientation, hang duration (seconds): hummingbird hung at the feeder.

**Datasheet 3**. Feeding durations at horizontal and vertical feeders for two different hummingbirds.

Variables:

hummingbird iden...,

蜂鸟从下垂花朵中悬停取食相较于水平花朵会增加飞行代谢成本，但在自然环境中，仍有较大比例的蜂鸟传粉花朵近似垂直向下朝向。我们通过二元选择实验，评估了圈养安氏蜂鸟（Anna's Hummingbird）对这两种花朝向的行为偏好。在2小时的暴露周期内，人工饲喂花朵的花蜜消耗量存在显著差异，蜂鸟对水平构型饲喂器的花蜜提取量更高。我们还发现，取食前悬停在饲喂器旁的时长不受饲喂器朝向影响，而水平饲喂器处的取食时长往往更长。对野生蜂鸟的偶遇式观测结果也同样支持蜂鸟偏好水平饲喂器这一结论。综合来看，这些观测结果表明，从下垂花中悬停取食所增加的代谢成本，似乎由……

# 花朝向对安氏蜂鸟取食行为的影响

数据集DOI: [10.5061/dryad.7m0cfxq6z](10.5061/dryad.7m0cfxq6z)

## 数据与文件结构说明

**数据表1**：4只蜂鸟在水平与垂直饲喂器处的人工花蜜消耗量变化。
变量：
蜂鸟个体编号：单只蜂鸟的身份标识；水平饲喂器花蜜消耗量（克）：水平朝向饲喂器消耗的花蜜溶液质量；垂直饲喂器花蜜消耗量（克）：垂直朝向饲喂器消耗的花蜜溶液质量

**数据表2**：2只蜂鸟在水平与垂直饲喂器处的悬停时长。
变量：
蜂鸟个体编号：单只蜂鸟的身份标识；饲喂器朝向：分为垂直或水平朝向；悬停时长（秒）：蜂鸟在饲喂器旁悬停的时长

**数据表3**：2只蜂鸟在水平与垂直饲喂器处的取食时长。
变量：
蜂鸟个体编号：……