Data from: A new species of horned lizard (genus Phrynosoma) from Guerrero, México, with an updated multilocus phylogeny

We describe a new species of Phrynosoma from central northeastern Guerrero, México; perform a phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial and nuclear sequence data to estimate its phylogenetic relationships; and investigate the monophyly of Phrynosoma asio, P. braconnieri, and P. taurus. The new species can be distinguished from all of its congeners by the possession of a unique combination of morphological characteristics. The molecular genetic data include three fragments of the mitochondrial genome and six nuclear genes (2419 and 3909 base pairs in total, respectively) for 31 samples belonging to the 16 previously recognized species of Phrynosoma and the new species. The new species is strongly supported in maximum likelihood analyses of both the concatenated mitochondrial and nuclear data as a monophyletic, distinct evolutionary lineage sister to, and moderately divergent from, P. taurus, and highly divergent from all of the other species of Phrynosoma. A Bayesian species tree analysis also strongly supports the monophyly of the Brevicauda clade, and a sister relationship between P. taurus and the new species.

本研究记述了采自墨西哥格雷罗州中东北部的角蜥属（Phrynosoma）一新种；通过线粒体与核序列数据开展系统发育分析，以明确其系统发育关系，并探讨了阿西奥角蜥（Phrynosoma asio）、布氏角蜥（Phrynosoma braconnieri）以及金牛座角蜥（Phrynosoma taurus）的单系性。该新种可通过一组独特的形态特征组合，与所有同属物种相区分。本研究的分子遗传数据涵盖31份样本的3个线粒体基因组片段与6个核基因序列，总长度分别为2419与3909个碱基对；这些样本隶属于此前已被确认的16个角蜥属物种及本次发现的新种。基于串联线粒体与核序列数据的最大似然分析结果强烈支持该新种为一单系且独立的演化支系：其与金牛座角蜥互为姊妹群且分化程度适中，同时与其余所有角蜥属物种的分化程度极高。贝叶斯物种树分析同样强烈支持短尾演化支（Brevicauda clade）的单系性，以及金牛座角蜥与该新种的姊妹群关系。