Comparison between the Mini-Mental State Examination and Montreal Cognitive Assessment as a Cognitive Screening Tool in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders

Abstract INTRODUCTION: The number of human immunodeficiency virus-associated neurocognitive disorders has increased, reaching more than 50% of the cases. However, there are currently no substantial data on the screening methods for this disease. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the Mini-Mental State Examination to the Montreal Cognitive Assessment in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. METHODS: This was an observational study comprising 82 human immunodeficiency virus-positive individuals with and without cognitive complaints. RESULTS: Positive correlation (p<0.001) between the Mini-Mental State Examination and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment test scores was observed, but the mean scores revealed that the Mini-Mental State Examination showed worse performance for trails (p<0.001), cube copying (p<0.001), and clock drawing (p<0.001) than the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. CONCLUSIONS: The Mini-Mental State Examination and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment tests should be used concomitantly for the assessment of human immunodeficiency virus-associated neurocognitive disorders, but visuoexecutive and visuospatial dysfunctions are better evaluated using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment test than the Mini-Mental State Examination.

摘要 引言：人类免疫缺陷病毒（human immunodeficiency virus，HIV）相关神经认知障碍的患病率逐年上升，现已覆盖超50%的病例，但目前尚无针对该疾病筛查方法的有效数据。本研究旨在评估并对比简易精神状态检查表（Mini-Mental State Examination，MMSE）与蒙特利尔认知评估量表（Montreal Cognitive Assessment，MoCA）在HIV感染患者中的应用效果。方法：本研究为观察性研究，纳入82名HIV阳性受试者，涵盖存在认知主诉与无认知主诉的两类人群。结果：研究观察到简易精神状态检查表与蒙特利尔认知评估量表的得分呈显著正相关（p<0.001）；但两组平均得分对比显示，简易精神状态检查表在连线试验、方块临摹及时钟绘画测验中的表现均劣于蒙特利尔认知评估量表（p均<0.001）。结论：临床评估HIV相关神经认知障碍时，可联合应用简易精神状态检查表与蒙特利尔认知评估量表，但针对视觉执行及视觉空间功能障碍的评估，蒙特利尔认知评估量表的表现优于简易精神状态检查表。