Maternal and cord Vitamin B12 level and neonatal anthropometry.xlsx

Background : Malnourished pregnant women are at increased risk of micronutrient deficiencies. We assessed the vitamin B12 status in both malnourished and normally nourished pregnant women, and their neonates. Additionally we studied the association of maternal B12 levels, cord B12 levels and neonatal anthropometry . Methods : This cross sectional study enrolled 63 malnourished and 63 normally nourished mothers and their neonates. Maternal and cord blood samples were collected at the time of delivery for vitamin B12 estimation. Maternal and cord vitamin B12 levels were compared using Mann Whitney test. Neonatal anthropometry was correlated with maternal and cord B12 levels using Spearman’s correlation. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 25. Results : The mean maternal age was 26.58 yrs. The median cord B12 levels were lesser than the maternal B12 levels. Maternal B12 levels showed a strong positive correlation with cord B12 levels ( rho 0.879 p < 0.001 ). Maternal (p < 0.001) and cord (p < 0.001) B12 were significantly lower in malnourished group in comparison with normally nourished group. In malnourished group , 66.8 % mothers and 95.2 % neonates were vitamin B12 deficient where as 1.5% mothers and 4.7% neonates were Vitamin B12 deficient in normally nourished group. In malnourished group, maternal B12 levels showed positive correlation with birth weight (rho 0.363, p = 0.003) and length (rho 0.330 p =0.008 ) where as in normally nourished group cord B12 levels showed positive correlation with birth weight. (rho 0.277 p= 0.028 ) Conclusion : High rates of vitamin B12 deficiency was observed in malnourished mothers and their neonates .There was a positive correlation of birth weight and length with maternal vitamin B12 levels in malnourished mothers. These findings stress the need to address maternal malnutrition and vitamin B12 deficiency to improve neonatal health.

研究背景：营养不良孕妇发生微量营养素缺乏的风险显著升高。本研究评估了营养不良与营养正常孕妇及其新生儿的维生素B12（Vitamin B12）水平，同时探讨了母体B12水平、脐带血B12水平与新生儿人体测量学指标之间的关联。
研究方法：本横断面研究纳入了63名营养不良孕妇、63名营养正常孕妇及其新生儿。于分娩时采集母体及脐带血样本，用于维生素B12（Vitamin B12）水平检测。采用曼-惠特尼U检验（Mann Whitney test）比较母体与脐带血维生素B12水平；采用斯皮尔曼相关分析（Spearman’s correlation）探究新生儿人体测量学指标与母体及脐带血B12水平的相关性。数据分析采用SPSS 25.0版本软件完成。
研究结果：产妇平均年龄为26.58岁。脐带血B12水平中位数低于母体B12水平。母体B12水平与脐带血B12水平呈显著强正相关（rho=0.879，p<0.001）。与营养正常组相比，营养不良组的母体（p<0.001）及脐带血（p<0.001）B12水平均显著更低。营养不良组中，66.8%的孕妇及95.2%的新生儿存在维生素B12缺乏；而营养正常组中仅1.5%的孕妇及4.7%的新生儿存在维生素B12缺乏。在营养不良组中，母体B12水平与新生儿出生体重（rho=0.363，p=0.003）及身长（rho=0.330，p=0.008）呈正相关；而在营养正常组中，脐带血B12水平与新生儿出生体重呈正相关（rho=0.277，p=0.028）。
研究结论：营养不良孕妇及其新生儿的维生素B12缺乏率较高。营养不良孕妇的母体B12水平与新生儿出生体重及身长呈正相关。本研究结果提示，需针对孕妇营养不良及维生素B12缺乏问题开展干预，以改善新生儿健康水平。