Data from: Molecular phylogeny of the deep-sea penaeid shrimp genus Parapenaeus (Crustacea: Decapoda: Dendrobranchiata)

The commercial deep-sea penaeid shrimp genus Parapenaeus contains 15 species, three subspecies and two forms in the Indo-West Pacific and the Atlantic. Novel nucleotide sequence data from five different genes (COI, 16S, 12S, NaK and PEPCK) were collected to estimate phylogenetic relationships and taxonomic status amongst all but one subspecies in this genus. The phylogenetic results only support two of the four species groups previously proposed for this genus and indicate an evolution direction of the genital organs from simple to complex. The present results suggest that Parapenaeus originated in the shallow waters of the West Pacific with subsequent migration to the deep sea and the Atlantic. The molecular data reveal that there was probably misidentification of females between Parapenaeus australiensis and Parapenaeus ruberoculatus, with females previously assigned as P. australiensis likely being the females of P. ruberoculatus, while material identified as P. australiensis forma nodosa being the true P. australiensis females. On the other hand, Parapenaeus longipes forma denticulata truly represents a variation of the same species, while the subspecies Parapenaeus fissuroides indicus warrants a specific rank.

商业性深海对虾拟对虾属（Parapenaeus）在印度-西太平洋及大西洋海域共分布有15个物种、3个亚种及2个变型。本研究采集了COI、16S、12S、NaK及PEPCK共5个不同基因的新型核苷酸序列数据，用以解析该属除1个亚种外所有类群的系统发育关系与分类学地位。系统发育分析结果仅支持该属此前提出的4个物种群中的2个，并揭示了其生殖器官从简单到复杂的演化方向。本研究结果表明，拟对虾属起源于西太平洋浅海水域，随后迁移至深海及大西洋海域。分子数据显示，澳大利亚拟对虾（Parapenaeus australiensis）与红眼拟对虾（Parapenaeus ruberoculatus）之间可能存在雌性个体误鉴问题：此前被归为澳大利亚拟对虾的雌性个体，实际应为红眼拟对虾的雌性个体；而此前被鉴定为澳大利亚拟对虾结节变型（P. australiensis forma nodosa）的标本，才是真正的澳大利亚拟对虾雌性个体。另一方面，长肢拟对虾齿状变型（Parapenaeus longipes forma denticulata）实为该物种的同一种下变异类群，而裂指拟对虾印度亚种（Parapenaeus fissuroides indicus）应当提升为独立物种。