Genomic strategies for adaptation to cold environments revealed by the genome of Antarctic winged midge

Parochlus steinenii is a species of winged midge found in the Antarctic Peninsula. To understand the mechanisms they use to adapt to cold environments and predict their responses to climate change, we investigate the transcriptome of P. steinenii larvae under heat and cold stresses. Here, we present the annotated genome sequence of P. steinenii with the transcriptome of both adults and larvae, and differentially expressed genes due to cold and heat stresses in larvae. A total of 12 461 genes were predicted, and gene set completeness was 98.5 % in the BUSCO analysis against Eukaryota odb9.