MEDICAL INSURANCE IN UZBEKISTAN: ANALYSIS OF MODERN APPROACHES AND PRACTICES

This article presents a comprehensive analysis of the medical insurance system in Uzbekistan, taking into account modern approaches and practices of its application. The relevance of the study is driven by the need to improve the efficiency of the healthcare system, ensure the accessibility of medical services for the population, and reduce financial risks associated with treatment. The paper reveals the economic and social nature of medical insurance as an important element of the financial system and an instrument of social protection for citizens. Particular attention is given to the classification of medical insurance into compulsory and voluntary forms, their specific features, operating mechanisms, and their role in ensuring sustainable development of healthcare. Based on an analysis of scientific research and the regulatory framework, contemporary reforms being carried out in Uzbekistan are examined, including the introduction of a compulsory medical insurance system, the improvement of legislative regulation of insurance activities, and the development of the insurance market. The article also examines the practical aspects of the medical insurance system, including the activities of insurance companies, the specifics of providing insurance services, and the introduction of digital technologies such as electronic policies and online services. Special attention is paid to analyzing the current state of the system and identifying key problems, including insufficient population coverage, limited public awareness, and the need to improve healthcare infrastructure. Based on a study of domestic and international experience, the main directions for the further development of medical insurance in Uzbekistan are formulated, including expanding insurance coverage, improving the quality of medical services, and strengthening state control. It is concluded that medical insurance is an important instrument for enhancing the social security of the population and the sustainability of the national economy.