Wastewater treatment using adsorption process in column for agricultural purposes

Abstract Water is essential for life, important for the ecosystem and it is in great demand due to its scarcity. This study explored the reuse of the wastewater of the Water Treatment Plant in Gramame for agricultural purposes. A qualitative and quantitative investigation of the effluent was carried out through the characterization of its physical and chemical parameters, comparing the results to what is allowed by the current legislation, CONAMA Resolution 357/2005. After this process, the activated charcoal of coco-da-baia mesocarp, adsorbent material, was prepared and tested in a filter system in a column with a continuous flow and ascendant entrance, in which the kinetic effect was evaluated. This technique was evaluated by correlating the reduced values in the adsorption material, respecting the initial effluent concentration, obtaining a reduction of 50% in the hardness, 87.5% in chloride and 66.6% in acidity. These results verified the adequacy of the technique in potential hydrogenation (pH) and abrupt reduction of color and turbidity. This treatment is suggested to qualify the effluent for use in agricultural, safe for humans and the environment. The adsorbent substrate efficiency was verified by correlating it with the Thomas isothermal model.

摘要 水是生命之源，对生态系统至关重要，且因其稀缺性而需求旺盛。本研究针对格拉马梅（Gramame）水处理厂的废水，探索其农业回用路径。研究通过对出水的物理化学参数进行表征，开展定性与定量分析，并将检测结果与现行法规——巴西国家环境委员会（CONAMA）第357/2005号决议的允许限值进行比对。在此基础上，本研究制备了巴伊亚椰（coco-da-baia）中果皮活性炭作为吸附材料，并在升流式连续流柱式过滤系统中对其进行测试，同时评估了该体系的动力学效应。本研究通过结合吸附材料的去除率与初始出水浓度对该技术进行评估，结果显示硬度、氯化物与酸度的去除率分别可达50%、87.5%与66.6%。上述结果证实，该技术可有效调控氢离子浓度（pH），并实现色度与浊度的显著降低。本研究建议采用该处理工艺对出水进行提质，使其可安全应用于农业生产，且对人体健康与生态环境友好。本研究通过将吸附剂性能与托马斯（Thomas）等温吸附模型进行关联，验证了该吸附基质的处理效能。