Spatiotemporal transcriptomic changes of human ovarian aging and the key regulatory role of FOXP1

The understanding of how aging affects the cellular and molecular components of the human ovary and contributes to age-related fertility decline is still limited. Here, we systematically characterize human ovarian aging by combining single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics. We provide a comprehensive understanding of human ovarian aging and a resource for the development of new diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic strategies. The ovarian tissues of the 15 cases were divided into 3 groups based on ovarian function: young group (Y, 18-28 y), middle-aged group (M, 36-39 y), and old group (O, 47-49 y). We generated scRNA-seq data for 9 ovarian tissues (from 9 women) and ST-seq data for 28 ovarian tissues (from 15 women).