The impact of permafrost thaw on ecosystem carbon balance: hourly meteorological data from Eight Mile Lake watershed, 2004-2013

In this larger study, we are asking the question: Is old carbon that comprises the bulk of the soil organic matter pool released in response to thawing of permafrost? We are answering this question by using a combination of field and laboratory experiments to measure radiocarbon isotope ratios in soil organic matter, soil respiration, and dissolved organic carbon, in tundra ecosystems. The objective of these proposed measurements is to develop a mechanistic understanding of the SOM sources contributing to C losses following permafrost thawing. We are making these measurements at an established tundra field site near Healy, Alaska in the foothills of the Alaska Range. Field measurements center on a natural permafrost thaw gradient and an experimental warming site. As such, this area is unique for addressing questions at the time and spatial scales relevant for change in arctic ecosystems. This data set includes hourly mean values of PAR, relative humidity, air temperature, barometric pressure, wind speed and direction, and hourly summed precipitation.

The Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating Research (CiPEHR) project addresses the following questions: 1) Does ecosystem warming cause a net release of C from the ecosystem to the atmosphere?, 2) Does the decomposition of old C, that comprises the bulk of the soil C pool, influence ecosystem C loss?, and 3) How do winter and summer warming alone, and in combination, affect ecosystem C exchange? We are answering these questions using a combination of field and laboratory experiments to measure ecosystem carbon balance and radiocarbon isotope ratios at a warming experiment located in an upland tundra field site near Healy, Alaska in the foothills of the Alaska Range. This data set provides annual meterological data.

在本大型研究中，我们提出核心科学问题：占土壤有机质库主体的古老碳，是否会因永久冻土融化而被释放？我们将结合野外原位实验与室内控制实验，测定苔原生态系统中土壤有机质、土壤呼吸与溶解性有机碳的放射性碳同位素比值，以此解答该问题。本次测定的核心目标，是从机制层面阐明永久冻土融化后驱动碳流失的土壤有机质（SOM, Soil Organic Matter）来源。我们将在阿拉斯加山脉山麓、阿拉斯加州希利附近一处已建成的苔原野外站点开展上述工作。野外测量聚焦于天然永久冻土融化梯度样带与实验增温站点，正因如此，该区域在探究与北极生态系统变化相关的时间与空间尺度问题上具备独特优势。本数据集包含光合有效辐射（PAR, Photosynthetically Active Radiation）、相对湿度、气温、气压、风速与风向的逐时平均值，以及逐时累计降水量。

永久冻土碳实验增温研究（CiPEHR）项目旨在解答以下三类科学问题：1）生态系统增温是否会引发碳从生态系统向大气的净释放？2）占土壤碳库主体的古老碳分解，是否会对生态系统碳流失产生影响？3）单独开展冬季、夏季增温，以及二者联合增温，会如何影响生态系统碳交换？我们将结合野外原位实验与室内控制实验，通过在阿拉斯加山脉山麓、阿拉斯加州希利附近一处高地苔原野外站点的增温实验中测定生态系统碳平衡与放射性碳同位素比值，来解答上述问题。本数据集提供年度气象数据。