Differences in Mortality of Birch Stumps between the C. purpureum Strain R53 and Other Treatments.

The effect of different treatments (C. purpureum strain or liquid control (LC)), the basal area of investigated stumps, the number of saplings and the volume of trees around an investigated sapling on the mortality of birch (Betula pendula and B. pubescens) stumps in eight regeneration areas of spruce (Picea abies) three months (in 2011), one year (in 2012) and two years (in 2013) after the treatments (generalized linear mixed model results). All stumps have been included in the models. Statistically significant p-values (p p ≤ 0.10). The sign of a coefficient indicates whether an explanatory variable has an increasing (+) or decreasing (-) effect on the mortality of stumps. See Figs. 3a and 4a. Note: the subscript of a C. purpureum progeny relates to the breeding phase (see Table 2).a Liquid control i.e., cut stumps were spread with inoculum medium without C. purpureum.b The best parent stain based on an earlier study [13].c The best progenies from Phase 2.d The best progenies from Phase 3.Differences in Mortality of Birch Stumps between the C. purpureum Strain R53 and Other Treatments.