Antioxidant and redox effects of Hypericum perforatum in the Galleria mellonella: a 3R-oriented invertebrate model

T This dataset contains the supplementary materials and raw experimental data associated with the research article entitled “Antioxidant, Redox, and Immunomodulatory Effects of Hypericum perforatum in Galleria mellonella: A 3R-Oriented Invertebrate Model.” The data were generated to evaluate the comprehensive effects of Hypericum perforatum extract on oxidative homeostasis, cellular/humoral immune responses, and protein metabolism in the alternative invertebrate model, Galleria mellonella. The dataset includes biochemical assay results, functional immunophysiological assays, qualitative phytochemical characterization, and fully structured raw data files supporting all findings reported in the main manuscript. The repository comprises the following core components: Phytochemical Characterization Data: GC–MS analysis files, including total ion chromatograms (TIC) and identified compounds with retention times and relative abundances. Biochemical Assay Data: Raw and processed datasets for the measurements of hemolymph total protein (TP), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) activity, and lipid peroxidation via malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Cellular and Humoral Immune Response Data: Complete datasets covering Total Hemocyte Count (THC), timed encapsulation dynamics (at 4 h and 24 h using Sephadex beads), and quantitative melanization response distributions (at 4 h and 24 h). Advanced Statistical Analysis Outputs: Exhaustive biostatistical outputs including One-Way ANOVA, Kruskal–Wallis tests, and post-hoc comparisons (Tukey's HSD, Dunn's tests with Holm/Bonferroni corrections), complete with descriptive statistics, effect sizes (η2, ε2), and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for all experimental groups. Raw Experimental Datasets: Individual replicate data points across all 16 biological replicates per group, ensuring maximum academic transparency, traceability, and full reproducibility of the research. Experimental Design Note All physiological and biochemical experiments were conducted using four independent biological replicates, with four larvae pooled per replicate (yielding a total n=16 larvae analyzed per experimental group across graded doses of extract, untreated controls, and sham/distilled water controls). These repository data fully substantiate the conclusions of the associated publication, demonstrating that H. perforatumextract exhibits a concentration-dependent, biphasic immunomodulatory profile—selectively enhancing circulating hemocytes and functional immune responses at intermediate-low doses—without disrupting systemic redox balance or inducing detectable oxidative toxicity within the investigated timeframe.