Impact Evaluation of Scaled-up Early Childhood Development Activities in Rural Mozambique 2019 - Mozambique

Abstract
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As part of the Education Sector Support Project, financial support has been provided by the World Bank, to the Republic of Mozambique for the purpose of scaling-up Early Childhood Development (ECD) activities in the country starting from 2012. The project includes the creation of 150 new community based ECD centers across 5 provinces in a first phase, and subsequently 200 additional centers in a second phase. This impact evaluation concerns the second phase of implementation and aims primarily at assessing the impact of ECD provision in rural area under governmental management using uses Clustered Random Control Trial at community level. This data project includes all datasets collected as part of the evaluation of the intervention. The Endline survey data collection was carried out between December 2019 and March 2020.

Geographic coverage
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Province of Cabo Delgado: Chiure district.
Province of Nampula: Erati and Memba districts.
Province of Tete: Changara and Angonia

Analysis unit
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Households
Children aged between 36 and 59 months
Children aged between 0 and 35 months at baseline (2016)
Schools.

Kind of data
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Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure
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The design used for this impact evaluation is that of a clustered randomized control trial (C-RCT) at community levels. Communities were firstly selected in each district according to eligibility criteria and then randomly assigned to the one of the four treatment arms in the Province of Nampula and to the ECD treatment or control group in the provinces of Cabo Delgado and Tete. As part of the phase 2, the project planned to provide 20 ECD centers per district, except in Cabo Delgado where Macomia will receive 10 ECD centers while Chiùre will receive 30 centers. Remaining eligible communities were kept in case of substitution was needed. Household sample: A total of 6,171 households with preschool age children were sampled from the 236 evaluation communities at baseline. With no household listing available at the time of the survey, a census of each community was carried out to identify households with children in the age range of 36 to 59 months (and children aged 0 to35 months in Nampula). Taking the list of households with at least one child in this age range, 24 households per community were planned to be selected randomly in Cabo Delgado and Tete. In Nampula, in addition of those 24 selected household, 13 households with at least a child aged between 0 and 35 months and no child between 36 and 59 months.

Sampling deviation
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In Cabo Delgado, the pool of eligible communities was too small and substitution of communities that were not accessible could not be done, leaving this province with only 76 participating communities instead of 80. In Tete, the community a non-eligible community has been mixed up with a community belonging to the sample and was then discarded from the database. Two sampled communities were wrongly located at both Endline and Baseline and were discarded in this dataset.

Problems in the implementation of the nutrition program before baseline made non-random the assignment of communities benefiting from this program in the province of Nampula. Additionally, insurgency in Cabo Delgado starting in 2017 made the Endline data collection impossible.

Mode of data collection
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Computer Assisted Personal Interview [capi]

Research instrument
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The following survey instruments were used:
- Household questionnaire
- Child assessment DA/MELQO and Malawi Developmental Assessment Tool (MDAT)
- Community leader questionnaire

Response rate
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Response rates for endline survey at household level is 80.3%, while response rate for the child test is 78.8%.

摘要
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在教育部门支持项目框架下，自2012年起，世界银行为扩大莫桑比克共和国的早期儿童发展（ECD）活动规模提供了财政援助。该项目第一阶段包括在五个省份创建150个新的社区ECD中心，随后在第二阶段再增加200个中心。本次影响评估主要针对第二阶段实施情况，旨在评估在政府管理下农村地区ECD服务的成效，采用社区层面的集群随机对照试验（C-RCT）方法。该数据项目包括评价干预措施所收集的所有数据集。终期调查数据收集于2019年12月至2020年3月进行。
地理覆盖范围
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卡波德尔加多省：奇乌雷区。
纳穆拉省：埃拉蒂和梅姆巴区。
泰特省：昌加拉和安戈尼亚。
分析单元
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家庭
36至59个月大的儿童
基线时（2016年）0至35个月大的儿童
学校。
数据类型
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样本调查数据 [ssd]
抽样程序
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本次影响评估采用的抽样设计是在社区层面的集群随机对照试验（C-RCT）。首先，根据资格标准在每个区选择社区，然后随机分配到纳穆拉省的四个处理组之一，以及卡波德尔加多省和泰特省的ECD处理组或对照组。在第二阶段，项目计划为每个区提供20个ECD中心，但在卡波德尔加多省，马科米亚将获得10个ECD中心，而奇乌雷将获得30个中心。其余有资格的社区保留以备替换之用。家庭样本：在基线时，从236个评价社区中抽取了共6,171个有学龄前儿童的家庭。由于调查时没有家庭名单，对每个社区进行了普查，以确定36至59个月（在纳穆拉省为0至35个月）年龄范围内的儿童所在的家庭。根据至少有一个该年龄范围儿童的名单，计划在每个社区中随机选择24个家庭在卡波德尔加多省和泰特省。在纳穆拉省，除了这24个选定的家庭外，还选择了13个至少有一个0至35个月大儿童但没有36至59个月大儿童的家庭。
抽样偏差
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在卡波德尔加多省，有资格的社区池太小，无法替换无法到达的社区，导致该省只有76个参与社区，而不是原本计划的80个。在泰特省，一个非合格社区被错误地与一个样本社区混合，并被从数据库中删除。在终期和基线阶段，两个样本社区的位置均被错误标注，因此在本数据集中被删除。此外，在基线之前实施的营养计划中的问题使得纳穆拉省受益于该计划的社区分配非随机。此外，2017年开始的卡波德尔加多省的叛乱使得终期数据收集成为不可能。
数据收集方式
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计算机辅助个人访谈 [capi]
研究工具
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以下调查工具被使用：
- 家庭问卷
- 儿童评估DA/MELQO和马拉维发展评估工具（MDAT）
- 社区领导人问卷
应答率
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终期调查在家庭层面的应答率为80.3%，而儿童测试的应答率为78.8%。