Phenological behavior and agronomic potential of blackberry and hybrids in a subtropical region

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to evaluate the phenological behavior and agronomic potential of blackberry varieties and hybrids in a subtropical region. Blackberry seedlings of four varieties and two hybrids were purchased in April 2015 in the form of stem cuttings and transplanting in July 2015. Winter pruning was carried out on August 18, 2016 and 2017. The experimental design was composed of a randomized complete block design, containing four varieties and two hybrids, four blocks and five useful plants per experimental unit. The harvest was performed every two days to the determination of fresh biomass, longitudinal and transverse diameter, volume, number of fruits per plant, yield and estimated productivity. The average duration of the phenological cycles in the two harvests varies between 109 and 162 days and 114 and 148, respectively. Hybrids Boysenberry and Olallie presented a shorter cycle in both harvests. In the 2016/2017 crop, the harvest lasted from 39 to 88 days. In the 2017/2018 harvest, it lasted 23 to 57 days, starting in mid-November through early January. The Tupy and Chickasaw cultivars were the most productive in the first crop. In the second crop, the Tupy and Navaho cultivars were prominent.

摘要 本研究旨在评估亚热带地区黑莓品种与杂交品种的物候特性及农艺潜力。2015年4月购得4个品种、2个杂交品种的黑莓茎插种苗，并于2015年7月完成定植。分别于2016年、2017年8月18日开展冬季修剪。本实验采用随机完全区组设计（randomized complete block design），共设置4个品种、2个杂交品种，4个区组，每个实验单元配置5株有效植株。每两日开展一次采收，用于测定鲜生物量、纵径、横径、果实体积、单株果实数、实际产量及预估生产力。两次收获的物候周期平均时长分别为109至162天与114至148天。杂交品种博伊森莓（Boysenberry）与奥拉利莓（Olallie）在两次收获中均呈现更短的周期。2016/2017季的收获期时长为39至88天；2017/2018季的收获期时长为23至57天，采收始于11月中旬，持续至次年1月上旬。第一茬栽培中，图皮（Tupy）与奇克索（Chickasaw）品种表现最优产；第二茬栽培中，图皮（Tupy）与纳瓦霍（Navaho）品种表现突出。