State support for agriculture in Ukraine in the post-war period

Purpose. The purpose of the study is to assess the level and trends of state support for agriculture in Ukraine, to determine its post-war measures and programmes and to improve the method of allocating funds among state support programmes at the stage of drafting budget declarations and requests by central and regional executive bodies that implement the agricultural policy. Methodology / approach. Analysis and synthesis were used to determine the level of state support for agriculture and its impact on its development. Assessment of the effectiveness of financing individual agricultural support programs was made using regulatory, calculation and constructive methods. Mathematical modelling methods were used to optimise the distribution of budget funds in various areas of state support for rural commodity producers aimed at forming fixed capital. Techniques of the abstract and logical toolkit allowed formulating intermediate and final conclusions. Results. The study focuses on the directions of support for the agricultural sector of Ukraine in wartime and in the post-war period. It was established that in order to resume the operation of agricultural enterprises in the liberates territories, which produce grain and cultivate oil crops, about USD 1.370–1.500 of fixed capital are needed for 1 ha of crops and USD 1.340–1.400 of working capital. It was estimated that in 2023 the lack of working capital in Ukraine for the cultivation of grain and oil crops, with the area of their crops being at the level of 2022, will amount to about UAH 41.5 billion. It is established that support programmes for Ukrainian producers of agricultural products should be developed on the basis of the Roadmap for the Recovery in Ukraine in order to achieve the indicators of the Strategy for Ukraine’s Agro-Industrial Complex Development. Originality / scientific novelty. The scientific value of the study is in conducting a comparative assessment of the support of agriculture in Ukraine and the EU in 2019–2021, highlighting measures of state support for the agricultural sector of Ukraine in wartime and in the post-war period. The method of allocation of funds among state support programmes at the stage of drafting budget declarations and requests by central and regional executive bodies that implement the agricultural policy has been improved. Practical value / implications. The practical value of this study is the fact that it can be used as a source and tool in the development of relevant plans and programs aimed at the development of agriculture in Ukraine.

研究目的。本研究旨在评估乌克兰农业国家支持的水平与发展趋势，明确战后农业支持举措与规划方案，并优化负责农业政策实施的中央与地区执行机构在编制预算申报书及资金申请阶段，各项国家支持项目间的资金分配方法。
研究方法与路径。采用分析与综合法确定乌克兰农业国家支持水平及其对农业发展的影响；运用规范分析、计算与构建法评估单项农业支持项目的融资效能；采用数学建模方法优化面向农村商品生产者的各领域国家支持预算资金分配，该类支持旨在形成固定资产；借助抽象逻辑分析工具推导得出中间结论与最终结论。
研究结果。本研究聚焦乌克兰战时与战后农业部门的支持方向。经测算，恢复已解放领土内生产谷物与油料作物的农业企业运营，每公顷耕地需投入约1370~1500美元（USD）固定资产，以及1340~1400美元流动资金。经估算，若2023年乌克兰维持2022年的谷物与油料作物种植面积，其对应的流动资金缺口约达415亿乌克兰格里夫纳（UAH）。研究明确，乌克兰农产品生产者支持项目应基于《乌克兰复苏路线图》（Roadmap for the Recovery in Ukraine）制定，以达成乌克兰农工综合体（Agro-Industrial Complex）发展战略的既定指标。
原创性与科学新颖性。本研究的科学价值在于：对2019-2021年乌克兰与欧盟（EU）的农业支持水平开展对比评估，明确乌克兰战时与战后农业部门的国家支持举措，并优化了负责农业政策实施的中央与地区执行机构在编制预算申报书及资金申请阶段，各项国家支持项目间的资金分配方法。
实践价值与应用启示。本研究的实践价值体现为：可作为编制乌克兰农业发展相关规划与项目的参考资料与分析工具。