Genomic strategies for adaptation to cold environments revealed by the genome of Antarctic winged midge

<em>Parochlus steinenii</em> is a species of winged midge found in the Antarctic Peninsula. To understand the mechanisms they use to adapt to cold environments and predict their responses to climate change, we investigate the transcriptome of <em>P. steinenii</em> larvae under heat and cold stresses. Here, we present the annotated genome sequence of <em>P. steinenii</em> with the transcriptome of both adults and larvae, and differentially expressed genes due to cold and heat stresses in larvae. A total of 12 461 genes were predicted, and gene set completeness was 98.5 % in the BUSCO analysis against Eukaryota <em>odb9</em>.

斯坦尼氏狭摇蚊（Parochlus steinenii）是一种分布于南极半岛的有翅摇蚊。为解析其适应寒冷环境的分子机制并预测其对气候变化的响应，本研究对热胁迫与冷胁迫下的斯坦尼氏狭摇蚊幼虫转录组开展了研究。本研究公开了斯坦尼氏狭摇蚊的注释基因组序列，同时包含成虫与幼虫的转录组数据，以及幼虫在冷热胁迫下的差异表达基因集。本研究共预测得到12461个基因，在基于真核生物odb9数据库的BUSCO分析中，基因集完整度达98.5%。