Biosynthesis of DPAn-3-derived protectins and resolvins

The polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) ω-3 cis-7,10,13,16,19-docosapentaenoic acid (DPAn-3) is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) from eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and is also a precursor for the production of novel bioactive mediators. The proposed biosynthesis of resolvins and protectins derived from DPAn-3 is described here (Dalli et al. 2013, Hansen et al. 2017, Vik et al. 2017). 15-lipoxygenase oxygenates DPAn-3 to its 17(S) hydroperoxy epimer from which resolvins and protectins are formed via a combination of oxygenation, reduction and hydrolysis reactions (Dalli et al. 2013). The products of the ω-3 isomer were characterised based on docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-derived resolvins and protectins (Serhan et al. 2002) and were demonstrated to have similar potent systemic anti-inflammatory and tissue protective actions as DHA-derived specialised proresolving mediators (SPMs) (Dalli et al. 2013). The same biosynthetic route as DHA-derived SPMs is probably how DPAn-3 products are also formed (Dalli et al. 2013).

多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）ω-3顺式-7,10,13,16,19-二十二碳五烯酸（DPAn-3）是二十碳五烯酸（EPA）生物合成二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）的中间产物，同时也是生产新型生物活性介质的先导物质。本文详细描述了由DPAn-3衍生而来的溶血素和防护素的生物合成途径（Dalli等，2013年；Hansen等，2017年；Vik等，2017年）。15-脂氧合酶将DPAn-3氧化为其17(S)羟基过氧化物异构体，通过氧化、还原和水解反应的组合形成溶血素和防护素（Dalli等，2013年）。基于DHA衍生的溶血素和防护素对ω-3异构体的产物进行了表征（Serhan等，2002年），并证实其具有与DHA衍生的专业前解聚介质（SPMs）相似的强大系统性抗炎和组织保护作用（Dalli等，2013年）。DPAn-3产物可能也通过类似于DHA衍生的SPMs的相同生物合成途径形成（Dalli等，2013年）。