An overview on the mycoparasitic Piptocephalis (Zoopagomycota): taxonomic notes and geographic distribution with new occurrences for South America

ABSTRACT Piptocephalis includes mycoparasitic fungi, mainly targeting mucoralean species. Until now, there has been no compilation of data on the taxonomy and geographic distribution of Piptocephalis, which is a barrier to the proper identification of species of this genus by taxonomists. The present study provides an overview of Piptocephalis with taxonomic and occurrence data, in addition to reporting P. graefenhanii and P. xenophila for the first time in South America. Both species were observed parasitizing Mucor spp. The P. graefenhanii was observed growing on paca dung and P. xenophila was observed on guinea-pig dung in Recife, northeastern Brazil. Aspects of their morphology are discussed and a key for the genus is presented.

【摘要】头珠霉属（Piptocephalis）包含菌寄生真菌，主要以毛霉目（Mucorales）物种为寄主。截至目前，尚无针对该属分类学与地理分布数据的系统性汇编，这一现状阻碍了分类学家对该属物种的准确鉴定。本研究对头珠霉属进行了综述，整合了其分类学与物种出现记录数据，并首次在南美洲报道了格氏头珠霉（P. graefenhanii）与嗜异种头珠霉（P. xenophila）。两种真菌均被观察到寄生毛霉属（Mucor）物种：格氏头珠霉发现于巴西东北部累西腓地区的刺豚鼠粪便，嗜异种头珠霉则采自同一区域的豚鼠粪便。本研究还讨论了二者的形态学特征，并编制了该属的分类检索表。