Gender and Urban–Rural Residency based Differences in the Prevalence of Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus and its Determinants among Adults in Naghadeh: Results of IraPEN Survey

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most important risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, with a high economic burden on health care systems. IraPEN (Iran’s Package of Essential Non-Communicable Disease) is a prioritized group of effective interventions that is part of the national health transformation plan created by the Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Education. IraPEN is a response of the Iranian health system to the long-term goals of WHO, with the hope to prevent the four main types of NCDs (diabetes, cancer, respiratory and cardiovascular diseases), and to reduce their associated risk factors among 30 to 70 years old population. A secondary analysis study was conducted on the survey data of the IraPEN pilot program conducted in 2017 in Naghadeh County, Iran. Data of 3,691 participants aged 30-70 years from rural and urban areas of the County were included into data analysis process. Sociodemographic factors, anthropometric measurements, and cardiovascular risk factors related to T2DM were assessed. The overall prevalence of T2DM within the population was 13.8%, which was significantly higher among women (15.5%) than men (11.8%), and non-significantly higher in urban (14.5%) areas than rural (12.3%) areas.