Plus–minus values are means ± SE. * P values indicate the statistical difference between slow and rapid initiation of therapy. PAH, pulmonary arterial hypertension; IPAH, idiopathic pulmonary arterial
* in months, SMA: severe malarial anaemia, CM: cerebral malaria, RD: respiratory distress**Absence of HbC and HbE mutations*** hb**** Blood lactate>5mmol/l.Baseline and clinical characteristics.