Genome-wide alterations in yeast strains lacking RNase H1, RNase H2, or both RNase H1 and RNase H2

Two types of RNA:DNA associations can lead to genome instability: the formation of R-loops during transcription and the incorporation of ribonucleotide monophosphates (rNMPs) into DNA during replication两类RNA-DNA关联形式可引发基因组不稳定性：一是转录过程中形成的R环（R-loop），二是复制过程中核糖核苷酸单磷酸（rNMPs）掺入DNA分子。