Effect of Formononetin on Type 2 Diabetes Mice Induced by High-Fat Diet Combining with Streptozotocin Injection

Objective: To investigate the impacts of formononetin on a murine model of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and conduct a preliminary exploration of the underlying mechanistic pathways.Methods: The T2DM mice model was induced by both streptozotocin (STZ) administration and a high-fat diet (HFD). A blood glucose meter measured Fasting blood glucose levels, and corresponding diagnostic enzymatic kits were utilized to assess the effect of formononetin on T2DM mice. An insulin resistance model was established in HepG2 cells to determine the antioxidant ability of formononetin.Results: Formononetin reduced elevated diet intake, fasting serum glucose, TG, TC, and LDL-C levels. Formononetin has relatively strong antioxidant potential, can resist insulin resistance, and demonstrates a suppressing ability to release NO and IL-1β in LPS-activated macrophages.Conclusion: Formononetin possesses a significant antidiabetic ability in T2DM mice, possibly resulting from its ability to protect islet cells, have anti-insulin resistance, be antioxidant, and have anti-inflammation.