Silverleaf whitefly-resistant common beans: an investigation of antibiosis and/or antixenosis

ABSTRACT The silverleaf whitefly Bemisia tabaci biotype B is one of the most important sucking pests of common bean, which causes severe damages and requires frequently synthetic insecticides spraying to protect crop productivity. The use of common bean cultivars resistant to whitefly attack is an important strategy within an integrated pest management (IPM) program. The biological development of B. tabaci confined to 17 bean genotypes was evaluated in greenhouse trials to verify the occurrence of antibiosis. Whitefly adults were released on plants of these genotypes to oviposit, afterward the incubation period of eggs, nymphal period, complete development period (egg–adult), and viability of the silverleaf whitefly nymphs were recorded. As main results, genotype CHIP 300 prolonged the developmental period from egg to adult (~10 days) and BRS Estilo, Arcelina 4, IPR Garça, Tybatã, CHIP 300, IPR Eldorado, H96A102-1-1-1-52, SCS-202-Guará and CHIB 06 caused nymphal mortality, suggesting high levels of antibiosis and/or antixenosis. These genotypes may be helpful in common bean breeding programs aimed at developing commercial cultivars resistant to B. tabaci biotype B.

摘要 银叶粉虱烟粉虱B型（Bemisia tabaci biotype B）是菜豆最为重要的刺吸式害虫之一，可造成严重为害，生产中常需频繁喷施合成杀虫剂以保障作物产量。选育抗粉虱为害的菜豆品种是害虫综合治理（Integrated Pest Management, IPM）方案中的核心策略之一。本研究通过温室盆栽试验，评估了饲养于17份菜豆基因型上的烟粉虱B型的生物学发育特性，以验证其抗生性（antibiosis）效应的存在。将粉虱成虫接种至各供试基因型植株上产卵，随后记录卵的孵化期、若虫期、全世代发育历期（卵-成虫）以及银叶粉虱若虫的存活率。主要试验结果表明：基因型CHIP 300可显著延长烟粉虱从卵至成虫的发育历期（约10天）；而BRS Estilo、Arcelina 4、IPR Garça、Tybatã、CHIP 300、IPR Eldorado、H96A102-1-1-1-52、SCS-202-Guará及CHIB 06均可诱导粉虱若虫死亡，提示这些基因型具备较高水平的抗生性和/或驱避性（antixenosis）。上述菜豆基因型可用于以培育抗烟粉虱B型商业品种为目标的菜豆育种项目。