Initial growth and physiological indexes of Fig accessions in active germoplasm bank

Abstract Fruit growing has become an important alternative economic strategy for the social reproduction of small rural producers. Fig (Ficus carica L.) is a fruit of great world importance, and can be used as a new source of agricultural variability, adding advantages, both economically and socially. In addition, the characterization of active germplasm banks of the genus Ficus becomes an important research line for culture improvement, and it is necessary to gather information, mainly in relation to its genetic variability, so that adequate propagation and management projects are carried out. Therefore, the aim of this work was to establish and characterize an active germplasm bank of fig tree by means of the morphophysiological descriptors of 45 fig accessions, with a randomized complete block design at the Faculty of Agrarian and Technological Sciences, Campus of Dracena, FCAT / UNESP. To do so, the biometric features of re-growth, relative growth rate, plant height and morphophysiological characteristics of the best performance accessions during their vegetative development were evaluated. It could be concluded that most accessions presented good adaptation to the implantation region, especially accessions 18; 28; 29; 30 and 31, which were more promising.

摘要 果树种植已成为小型农村生产者开展社会再生产的重要替代性经济策略。无花果（Ficus carica L.）是全球极具经济价值的果品，可作为农业种质多样性的新来源，在经济与社会层面均具备显著优势。此外，构建无花果属（Ficus）活性种质资源库（germplasm bank）已成为作物改良的重要研究方向，亟需系统收集相关种质信息，尤其是其遗传变异相关数据，以制定科学合理的繁育与管理方案。因此，本研究旨在依托巴西圣保罗州立大学德拉斯塞纳校区农业与技术学院（FCAT/UNESP）的试验场地，采用随机完全区组设计（randomized complete block design），对45份无花果种质资源（accessions）的形态生理性状（morphophysiological descriptors）进行分析，以建立并表征无花果活性种质资源库。试验期间，针对表现优异的种质资源在营养生长阶段的再生生长生物计量特征、相对生长速率、株高及其他形态生理特性开展了评估。研究结果表明，绝大多数种质资源均能较好适应试验种植区域，其中18号、28号、29号、30号及31号种质资源表现最为突出，应用前景最佳。