THIRD PLACES

#Third Places Born from a sociological approach to our territories, the concept of “Tiers Lieux” is developing in France and in the world at high speed. They are intended to be physical or virtual spaces of encounters between people and various skills that do not necessarily have to cross each other. For us, the third place is a polymorphic modular space offering a physical and/or symbolic place to a community of users. It is polymorphic because it can take various forms depending on the needs of a territory and user communities. In this sense, therefore, there is no typical third place. It is also modular because, like a camembert by Trivial Pursuit, it can be composed of a set of modules, each of which has a clear repository (e.g. fablabs, hackerspaces, coworking spaces, medialabs, GULLs,...). Neither private nor public, they make up a hybrid solution between personal and open space, home and work, conviviality and concentration. Third-places bring together a number of conditions allowing informal meetings and fostering creativity resulting from social interactions, notably through openness, flexibility, sustainability, friendliness and accessibility. Casual friends, residents of a neighbourhood, professionals in a sector, can meet there and make it the crossroads of their community. Among regular users, conversation is the center of activities and mood is relaxed. Informal and familiar encounters in these places do not necessarily have to be planned between the individuals who meet and meet there. Third places can be seen as so-called “passing places” that attribute a new meaning to space and culture through the communities that form and gather, networks that weave and grow around the uses that are made of it. In this context, the “coffee of the corner”, the connected bar, the artist squat or the cultural center as public spaces serving as an informal meeting point can become third places according to the use made by the individuals who animate, occupy and visit them. More than just a spatial feature, third places are largely the product of human relationships, creative interactions, and modes of social and professional organisation that dominate contemporary societies. Each “third place” has its specificity, its operation, its mode of financing, but all promote creativity, initiative and sharing.#第三空间（Third Places） 第三场所（Tiers Lieux）这一概念源于对人类聚居地的社会学研究视角，目前正于法国乃至全球范围内快速兴起。此类空间旨在为原本未必存在交集的人群与多元技能群体，提供实体或虚拟的交流场景。于本研究而言，第三空间是一种多态模块化空间，可为用户社群提供实体乃至符号层面的栖息场所。其具备多态性，即可根据特定聚居地与用户社群的需求呈现多样化形态，就此而言，不存在标准化的第三空间。同时，它亦具备模块化特征，正如桌游《Trivial Pursuit》（知识问答桌游）中的卡门贝尔奶酪板块一般，可由多个功能模块组合而成，每个模块均拥有明确的功能范畴（例如创客空间（fablabs）、黑客空间（hackerspaces）、联合办公空间（coworking spaces）、媒体实验室（medialabs）、GULLs等）。 此类空间既非完全私有亦非绝对公共，而是介于私人空间与开放空间、居家场所与办公场所、社交欢聚与专注沉浸之间的混合形态空间。第三空间汇聚了多重要素，可促成非正式会面，且依托社会互动催生创新创意，其核心支撑特性包括开放性、灵活性、可持续性、亲和性与可及性。偶遇的友人、社区居民、行业从业者均可在此相聚，将其打造为自身社群的交汇枢纽。对于常客而言，交流互动是核心活动，整体氛围轻松自在。在此类场所发生的非正式且熟络的会面，未必需要参与双方提前规划安排。 第三空间亦可被视为所谓的“途经型场所”，通过在此形成与聚集的社群、围绕其使用场景编织并拓展的社交网络，为空间与文化赋予全新内涵。在此语境下，街角咖啡馆、联网酒吧、艺术家临时聚居地或作为非正式会面场所的公共文化中心，只要由运营、入驻与到访的个体赋予其独特使用场景，均可成为第三空间。 第三空间绝非仅具备空间属性，其本质上是当代社会主导的人际关系、创意互动以及社会与专业组织模式的产物。每一处第三空间都拥有自身的独特性、运营模式与筹资方式，但均致力于推动创意迸发、自主进取与共享协作。