Awareness of Tuberculosis and HIV Co-Infection amongst Antenatal Clinic Attendees at the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health problem in Nigeria with an estimated prevalence of 616 cases per 100,000. HIV is the prime risk factor for an active form of latent TB. The study aimed to determine the awareness of TB and co-infection with HIV amongst antenatal clinic (ANC) attendees at the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital (RSUTH).

Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study of ANC attendees at the RSUTH. The simple randomized sampling method was used. The information was coded and analyzed using SPSS version 25.

Results: 200 questionnaires were distributed and 190 were retrieved. The mean age was 32 years, and the modal parity was 0. The mean gestational age was 30 years. The awareness of TB amongst the ANC attendees was 177 (93.2%). The awareness of TB/HIV co-infection was 143 (75.3%). Six (3.2%) had family members/ friends with TB, HIV, or TB/HIV co-infection. Forty-five (76.3%) of the respondents had the BCG vaccine in infancy.

Conclusion: The study revealed that TB awareness amongst ANC attendees at the RSUTH was 93.7% and TB/HIV co-infection awareness was above average (75.3%). An enlightenment program is needed to create awareness to prevent the scourge of TB and TB/HIV co-infection.

背景：结核病（Tuberculosis, TB）是尼日利亚的重大公共卫生问题，据估算其患病率为每10万人中616例。人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）是潜伏性结核进展为活动性结核病的主要危险因素。本研究旨在明确河流州大学教学医院（RSUTH）产前检查门诊（ANC）就诊者对结核病及结核-HIV合并感染的认知水平。
方法：本研究为针对RSUTH产前检查门诊就诊者的横断面研究，采用简单随机抽样法。研究数据经编码后，使用SPSS 25.0版本进行统计分析。
结果：本次研究共发放问卷200份，回收有效问卷190份。研究对象的平均年龄为32岁，胎次众数为0，平均孕周为30周。产前检查门诊就诊者中，对结核病具备认知的人数为177例，占比93.2%；对结核-HIV合并感染具备认知的人数为143例，占比75.3%。6名（3.2%）研究对象的家庭成员或朋友曾罹患结核病、HIV感染或结核-HIV合并感染。45名（76.3%）研究对象在婴幼儿时期曾接种卡介苗（Bacillus Calmette-Guérin, BCG）。
结论：本研究结果显示，RSUTH产前检查门诊就诊者的结核病认知率为93.7%，结核-HIV合并感染认知率为75.3%，高于平均水平。需开展针对性健康宣教项目以提升公众认知，从而防控结核病及结核-HIV合并感染这一公共卫生祸患。