Evaluation of the Influence of Extraction Conditions on the Isolation and Identification of Volatile Compounds from Cagaita (Eugenia dysenterica) Using HS-SPME/GC-MS

The objective of this study was to explore the extraction and identification of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) present in cagaita fruit (Eugenia dysenterica). Parameters such as type of extraction fiber, agitation, extraction time and extraction temperature were investigated. Initially, the VOCs were extracted using headspace solid-phase microextraction. Then, the compounds were identified using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Results revealed the presence of at least 26 different compounds and the polyacrylate (PA) fiber promoted the extraction of a larger number of VOCs. Regarding the PA fiber, the most efficient extraction was achieved using a 50 rpm agitation at 45 ºC for 30 min. The majority were monoterpenes (34.64%) and esters (36.28%). An increase in the extraction temperature promoted the isolation of more VOCs when using carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane (CAR/PDMS) and divinylbenzene/carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane (DVB/CAR/PDMS) fibers. However, these fibers allowed the isolation of a smaller number of VOCs. The extraction time and agitation had no significant influence.

本研究旨在探究卡盖泰果（cagaita fruit，学名Eugenia dysenterica）中挥发性有机化合物（volatile organic compounds, VOCs）的提取与鉴定方法。本研究考察了萃取纤维类型、搅拌速率、萃取时间及萃取温度等参数。首先采用顶空固相微萃取法对VOCs进行提取，随后通过气相色谱-质谱联用法对化合物进行定性鉴定。实验结果显示，样品中至少存在26种不同的挥发性有机化合物，聚丙烯酸酯（polyacrylate, PA）纤维可萃取获得更多种类的VOCs。针对PA纤维，最优萃取条件为45℃、50 rpm搅拌下萃取30 min。所得化合物中，单萜类占比34.64%，酯类占比36.28%。当使用碳分子筛/聚二甲基硅氧烷（carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane, CAR/PDMS）与二乙烯基苯/碳分子筛/聚二甲基硅氧烷（divinylbenzene/carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane, DVB/CAR/PDMS）纤维时，升高萃取温度可分离得到更多VOCs，但此类纤维所能分离得到的VOCs种类相对更少。萃取时间与搅拌速率对萃取效果无显著影响。