Victims of Crime Survey 2017-2018 - South Africa

Abstract
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The Victims of Crime Survey (VCS) is a countrywide household-based survey which collects data on the prevalence of particular kinds of crime within South Africa. The survey includes information on victimisation experienced by individuals and households and their perspectives on community responses to crime. Therefore, VCS data can be used for research in the development of policies and strategies for crime prevention and public safety and education programmes. Statistics South Africa (StatsSA) conducted its first VCS in 1998. Following the VCS 1998, victims surveys were conducted by the Institute for Security Studies (ISS). Since 2011, StatsSA began conducting an annual collection of the VCS as a source of information on crime in South Africa. The main objectives of the survey are to:

• Provide information about the dynamics of crime from the perspective of households and the victims of crime.

• Explore public perceptions of the activities of the police, prosecutors, courts and correctional services in the prevention of crime and victimisation.

• Provide complimentary data on the level of crime within South Africa in addition to the statistics published annually by the South African Police Service.

NOTE: The VCS 2017/18 is the eighth and final release in the collection and is comparable to the new Governance Public Safety and Justice Survey (GPSJS). In April 2018, StatsSA launched the GPSJS in response to the need for standardised international reporting standards on governance and access to justice that are recommended by the SDGs, ShaSA and Agenda 2063. In compliance with these standards, Stats SA has discontinued separate publication of the VCS and rather incorporated it within the new GPSJS series. Therefore, VCS 2017/18 represents the final separate release of the series and all subsequent VCS series can be extracted from the GPSJS series (i.e. VCS 2018/19 is contained within GPSJS 2018/19).

Geographic coverage
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The survey has national coverage.

Analysis unit
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Households and individuals

Universe
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The target population of the survey consists of all private households in all nine provinces of South Africa and residents in workers' hostels. The survey does not cover other collective living quarters such as students' hostels, old-age homes, hospitals, prisons and military barracks, and is therefore only representative of non-institutionalised and non-military persons or households in South Africa.

Kind of data
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Sample survey data

Sampling procedure
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VCS 2017/2018 uses a Master Sample frame which has been developed as a general-purpose household survey frame that can be used by other Stats SA household-based surveys. VCS 2017/2018 collection was based on the Stats SA 2013 Master Sample. This Master Sample is based on information collected during the 2011 Census conducted by Stats SA. In preparation for Census 2011, the country was divided into 103 576 enumeration areas (EAs). The census EAs, together with the auxiliary information for the EAs, were used as the frame units or building blocks for the formation of primary sampling units (PSUs) for the Master Sample. There are 3 324 primary sampling units (PSUs) in the Master Sample with an expected sample of approximately 33 000 dwelling units (DUs).The number of PSUs in the current Master Sample (3 324) reflects an 8,0% increase in the size of the Master Sample compared to the previous Master Sample (based on the 2001 Census which had 3 080 PSUs). The updating of the Master Sample as compared to previous VCSs is expected to improve the precision of statistical estimates.

The Master Sample is designed to be representative at provincial level and within provinces at metro/non-metro levels. Within the metros, the sample is further distributed by geographical type. The three geography types are Urban, Tribal and Farms. This implies, for example, that within a metropolitan area, the sample is representative of the different geography types that may exist within that metro.

Mode of data collection
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Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument
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The VCS 2017/18 questionnaire was based on the questionnaires used in the International Crime Victim Survey (ICVS) and previous VOCSs conducted by the Institute for Security Studies (ISS) and Statistics SA.

Sections 10 to 20 of the questionnaire relate to household crimes. A proxy respondent (preferably head of the household or acting head of household) answered on behalf of the household. Section 21 to 28 of the questionnaire about crimes on individuals were asked of a household member who was selected using the birthday section method. This methodology selects an individual who is 16 years or older, whose birthday is soonest after the survey date.

Data appraisal
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Comparability:

Prior to 2014/2015, VOCS respondents were asked about their crime-related experiences in the previous calendar year, but since 2014/15 VCS changed to a Continuous Data Collection (CDC) method. In this data collection method, respondents were interviewed on a rolling basis over the course of a year and asked about crime experienced in the 12 months prior to the interview. As a result of this, the victimisation experiences reported by respondents interviewed in a period of 12 months relate to a broader span of 23 months.

The VCS 2017/18 is comparable to all previous VCSs iin that several questions have remained unchanged over time. Where possible, it was generally indicated in the report. Additionally, the VCS 2017/18 is the last before VCS became incorproated into a broader survey called the GPSJS. The change to the surveys will likely cause some comparability issues going forward beyond 2018.

Metadata:
There is an error in the SSA published metadata, which incorrectly states that the survey was designed with 3080 PSUs. The survey was designed with 3324 PSUs.

摘要
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犯罪受害者调查（VCS）是一项覆盖全国范围的基于家庭的调查，旨在收集南非特定类型犯罪普遍性的数据。该调查涵盖了个人和家庭遭受的犯罪情况及其对社区应对犯罪的看法。因此，VCS数据可用于研究制定预防犯罪和公共安全及教育项目的政策和策略。南非统计局（StatsSA）于1998年首次开展了VCS调查。在1998年VCS之后，安全研究所（ISS）进行了受害者调查。自2011年起，StatsSA开始每年收集VCS，作为南非犯罪信息的一个来源。调查的主要目标是：
• 提供关于犯罪动态的家庭和犯罪受害者视角的信息。
• 探讨公众对警察、检察官、法院和矫正服务在预防犯罪和受害者化方面的活动的看法。
• 提供关于南非犯罪水平的补充数据，这些数据与南非警察服务每年发布的统计数据相辅相成。

注意：VCS 2017/18是该系列的第8次也是最后一次发布，与新的治理、公共安全和司法调查（GPSJS）相一致。2018年4月，StatsSA为响应联合国可持续发展目标（SDGs）、Shasa和2063年议程所推荐的标准化国际治理和司法访问报告标准的需求，推出了GPSJS。为了符合这些标准，Stats SA已停止单独发布VCS，而是将其纳入新的GPSJS系列。因此，VCS 2017/18代表该系列的最后一次单独发布，所有后续的VCS系列均可从GPSJS系列中提取（即VCS 2018/19包含在GPSJS 2018/19中）。

地理覆盖范围
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调查具有全国覆盖。
分析单元
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家庭和个人
总体
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调查的目标总体包括南非所有九个省份的所有私人家庭以及工人宿舍的居民。该调查不包括其他集体居住区，如学生宿舍、养老院、医院、监狱和军事营房，因此仅代表南非非机构化和非军事个人或家庭。
数据类型
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样本调查数据
抽样程序
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VCS 2017/2018使用了一个主样本框架，该框架是一个通用家庭调查框架，可以被Stats SA的其他基于家庭的调查所使用。VCS 2017/2018的收集基于Stats SA 2013主样本。该主样本基于Stats SA在2011年进行的普查期间收集的信息。在为2011年普查做准备的过程中，全国被划分为103,576个统计区域（EAs）。普查统计区域以及EAs的辅助信息被用作形成主样本的基本抽样单位（PSU）的框架单位或构建块。主样本中有3,324个基本抽样单位（PSU），预计样本量为约33,000个住宅单位（DU）。当前主样本中的PSU数量（3,324）反映了与基于2001年普查的先前主样本（3,080个PSU）相比，主样本规模增加了8.0%。与先前VCS相比，主样本的更新预计将提高统计估计的精确度。
主样本旨在在省级和省内的都市/非都市水平上具有代表性。在都市内部，样本进一步按地理类型分配。三种地理类型是城市、部落和农场。这意味着，例如，在一个都市区域内，样本代表了该都市区域内可能存在的不同地理类型。
数据收集方式
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面对面 [f2f]
研究工具
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VCS 2017/18问卷基于国际犯罪受害者调查（ICVS）和由安全研究所（ISS）及南非统计局（Stats SA）进行的先前VOCS使用的问卷。
问卷的第10至20节涉及家庭犯罪。由代答人（最好是户主或代户主）代表家庭回答。问卷的第21至28节关于个人犯罪，由使用生日节段法选择的家庭成员回答。这种方法选择了一个16岁或以上、生日在调查日期之后最近的人。
数据评估
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可比性：
在2014/2015年之前，VOCS受访者被问及他们在过去日历年度的犯罪相关经历，但自2014/15年起，VCS改为持续数据收集（CDC）方法。在这种数据收集方法中，受访者在过去一年内滚动接受采访，并被问及在采访前12个月中经历的犯罪。因此，在12个月期间接受采访的受访者的受害者经历与23个月的更广时间段相关。
VCS 2017/18与所有先前VCS相比具有可比性，因为随着时间的推移，一些问题保持不变。在可能的情况下，通常在报告中予以说明。此外，VCS 2017/18是VCS成为更广泛调查（GPSJS）之前最后一次发布。调查的变化可能在未来2018年及以后导致一些可比性问题。
元数据：
SSA发布的元数据中存在错误，错误地表示调查是针对3,080个PSU设计的。调查是针对3,324个PSU设计的。